Unity中的AudioManager

1.先贴代码

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine.SceneManagement;

public class AudioManager : MonoSingleton<AudioManager>
{
    [Header("Audio Settings")]
    [SerializeField] private int initialPoolSize = 5;      // 初始音效对象池大小
    [SerializeField] private float defaultVolume = 1f;     // 默认全局音量
    [SerializeField] private int maxMusicChannels = 3;     // 最大音乐通道数

    private Dictionary<string, AudioClip> audioClips = new Dictionary<string, AudioClip>();         // 普通音频资源字典
    private Dictionary<string, AudioClip> globalAudioClips = new Dictionary<string, AudioClip>();   // 全局音频资源字典
    private List<AudioSource> sfxSourcePool = new List<AudioSource>();                            // 音效对象池
    private Dictionary<string, AudioSource> musicChannels = new Dictionary<string, AudioSource>(); // 音乐通道字典

    private void Awake()
    {
        Initialize();
        if (Instance != this)
        {
            Destroy(gameObject);
        }
        DontDestroyOnLoad(gameObject);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 初始化音频管理器
    /// </summary>
    private void Initialize()
    {
        LoadAudioResources("");          // 加载普通音频资源
        LoadGlobalAudioResources("");    // 加载全局音频资源
        InitializeSFXPool();             // 初始化音效对象池
        CreateMusicChannel("Main");      // 创建默认音乐通道
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 加载音频资源
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="subPath">子目录路径</param>
    /// <param name="isGlobal">是否为全局资源</param>
    private void LoadAudioResources(string subPath = "", bool isGlobal = false)
    {
        string path = "AudioClips/" + subPath;
        if (isGlobal) path = "GlobalAudioClips/" + subPath;
        
        AudioClip[] clips = Resources.LoadAll<AudioClip>(path);
        var targetDict = isGlobal ? globalAudioClips : audioClips;
        
        foreach (AudioClip clip in clips)
        {
            string clipName = clip.name;
            if (!targetDict.ContainsKey(clipName))
            {
                targetDict.Add(clipName, clip);
            }
            else
            {
                Debug.LogWarning($"发现重复的音频文件名: {clipName} ({(isGlobal ? "全局" : "普通")})");
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 加载全局音频资源
    /// </summary>
    private void LoadGlobalAudioResources(string subPath = "")
    {
        LoadAudioResources(subPath, true);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 初始化音效对象池
    /// </summary>
    private void InitializeSFXPool()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < initialPoolSize; i++)
        {
            CreateNewSFXSource();
        }
    }

    #region 音效系统
    /// <summary>
    /// 创建新的音效源
    /// </summary>
    private AudioSource CreateNewSFXSource()
    {
        AudioSource newSource = gameObject.AddComponent<AudioSource>();
        newSource.playOnAwake = false;
        newSource.volume = defaultVolume;
        sfxSourcePool.Add(newSource);
        return newSource;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 获取可用音效源
    /// </summary>
    private AudioSource GetAvailableSFXSource()
    {
        foreach (AudioSource source in sfxSourcePool)
        {
            if (!source.isPlaying) return source;
        }
        return CreateNewSFXSource();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 播放音效
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="clipName">音频名称</param>
    /// <param name="volumeScale">音量缩放</param>
    /// <param name="isGlobal">是否为全局音频</param>
    public void PlaySFX(string clipName, float volumeScale = 1f, bool isGlobal = false)
    {
        var targetDict = isGlobal ? globalAudioClips : audioClips;
        
        if (targetDict.TryGetValue(clipName, out AudioClip clip))
        {
            AudioSource source = GetAvailableSFXSource();
            source.clip = clip;
            source.volume = defaultVolume * volumeScale;
            source.Play();
        }
        else
        {
            Debug.LogError($"{(isGlobal ? "全局" : "")}音效文件未找到: {clipName}");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 播放全局音效（便捷方法）
    /// </summary>
    public void PlayGlobalSFX(string clipName, float volumeScale = 1f)
    {
        PlaySFX(clipName, volumeScale, true);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 停止指定音效
    /// </summary>
    public void StopSFX(string clipName)
    {
        foreach (AudioSource source in sfxSourcePool)
        {
            if (source.isPlaying && source.clip != null && source.clip.name == clipName)
            {
                source.Stop();
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 停止所有音效
    /// </summary>
    public void StopAllSFX()
    {
        foreach (AudioSource source in sfxSourcePool)
        {
            source.Stop();
        }
    }
    #endregion

    #region 音乐系统
    /// <summary>
    /// 创建音乐通道
    /// </summary>
    private bool CreateMusicChannel(string channelName)
    {
        if (musicChannels.ContainsKey(channelName))
        {
            Debug.LogWarning($"音乐通道已存在: {channelName}");
            return true;
        }

        if (musicChannels.Count >= maxMusicChannels)
        {
            Debug.LogError($"已达到最大音乐通道数：{maxMusicChannels}");
            return false;
        }

        AudioSource newSource = gameObject.AddComponent<AudioSource>();
        newSource.loop = true;
        newSource.volume = defaultVolume;
        musicChannels.Add(channelName, newSource);
        return true;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 播放音乐（自动创建通道）
    /// </summary>
    public void PlayMusic(string channelName, string clipName, float volumeScale = 1f, bool isGlobal = false)
    {
        // 确保通道存在
        if (!musicChannels.ContainsKey(channelName) && !CreateMusicChannel(channelName))
        {
            return; // 通道创建失败
        }

        var targetDict = isGlobal ? globalAudioClips : audioClips;
        AudioSource source = musicChannels[channelName];
        
        if (targetDict.TryGetValue(clipName, out AudioClip clip))
        {
            source.clip = clip;
            source.volume = defaultVolume * volumeScale;
            source.Play();
        }
        else
        {
            Debug.LogError($"{(isGlobal ? "全局" : "")}音乐文件未找到：{clipName}");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 播放全局音乐（便捷方法）
    /// </summary>
    public void PlayGlobalMusic(string channelName, string clipName, float volumeScale = 1f)
    {
        PlayMusic(channelName, clipName, volumeScale, true);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 停止指定通道的音乐
    /// </summary>
    public void StopMusic(string channelName)
    {
        if (musicChannels.TryGetValue(channelName, out AudioSource source))
        {
            source.Stop();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 暂停指定通道的音乐
    /// </summary>
    public void PauseMusic(string channelName)
    {
        if (musicChannels.TryGetValue(channelName, out AudioSource source))
        {
            source.Pause();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 恢复指定通道的音乐
    /// </summary>
    public void ResumeMusic(string channelName)
    {
        if (musicChannels.TryGetValue(channelName, out AudioSource source))
        {
            source.UnPause();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 设置通道音量
    /// </summary>
    public void SetChannelVolume(string channelName, float volume)
    {
        if (musicChannels.TryGetValue(channelName, out AudioSource source))
        {
            source.volume = Mathf.Clamp01(volume);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 获取通道音量
    /// </summary>
    public float GetChannelVolume(string channelName)
    {
        if (musicChannels.TryGetValue(channelName, out AudioSource source))
        {
            return source.volume;
        }
        return 0f;
    }
    #endregion

    #region 全局控制
    /// <summary>
    /// 设置主音量
    /// </summary>
    public void SetMasterVolume(float volume)
    {
        defaultVolume = Mathf.Clamp01(volume);

        // 更新所有音效源
        foreach (AudioSource source in sfxSourcePool)
        {
            source.volume = defaultVolume;
        }

        // 更新所有音乐通道
        foreach (var channel in musicChannels.Values)
        {
            channel.volume = defaultVolume;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 停止所有音频
    /// </summary>
    public void StopAllAudio(bool immediate = true)
    {
        if (immediate)
        {
            StopAllSFX();
            foreach (var channel in musicChannels.Values)
            {
                channel.Stop();
            }
        }
        else
        {
            StartCoroutine(DelayedStopAll());
        }
    }

    private IEnumerator DelayedStopAll()
    {
        yield return null;
        StopAllSFX();
        foreach (var channel in musicChannels.Values)
        {
            channel.Stop();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 获取所有音乐通道名称
    /// </summary>
    public List<string> GetMusicChannels()
    {
        return new List<string>(musicChannels.Keys);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 淡入淡出主音量
    /// </summary>
    public IEnumerator FadeMasterVolume(float targetVolume, float duration, System.Action onComplete = null)
    {
        float startVolume = defaultVolume;
        float timer = 0f;

        while (timer < duration)
        {
            defaultVolume = Mathf.Lerp(startVolume, targetVolume, timer / duration);
            SetMasterVolume(defaultVolume);
            timer += Time.deltaTime;
            yield return null;
        }

        defaultVolume = targetVolume;
        SetMasterVolume(defaultVolume);
        onComplete?.Invoke();
    }
    #endregion

    #region 扩展方法
    /// <summary>
    /// 淡入淡出指定通道的音量
    /// </summary>
    public IEnumerator FadeChannel(string channelName, float targetVolume, float duration)
    {
        if (!musicChannels.TryGetValue(channelName, out AudioSource source))
            yield break;

        float startVolume = source.volume;
        float timer = 0f;

        while (timer < duration)
        {
            source.volume = Mathf.Lerp(startVolume, targetVolume, timer / duration);
            timer += Time.deltaTime;
            yield return null;
        }
        source.volume = targetVolume;
    }
    #endregion
}

2.具体用法

提前说明一下，音频文件是放在Resources/AudioClips/ 目录下，可以将一开始的

LoadAudioResources函数公开就能传入深层路径。

1. 基本功能使用

// 播放普通音效
AudioManager.Instance.PlaySFX("ButtonClick");

// 播放全局音效
AudioManager.Instance.PlayGlobalSFX("Notification");

// 播放背景音乐（自动创建Main通道）
AudioManager.Instance.PlayMusic("Main", "BackgroundMusic");

// 播放战斗音乐（自动创建Battle通道）
AudioManager.Instance.PlayMusic("Battle", "BattleTheme", 0.8f);

// 暂停和恢复音乐
AudioManager.Instance.PauseMusic("Main");
AudioManager.Instance.ResumeMusic("Main");

// 停止所有音频
AudioManager.Instance.StopAllAudio();

2. 音量控制

2.1代码在调用时控制当次音效音量大小

// 设置主音量（影响所有音效和音乐）
AudioManager.Instance.SetMasterVolume(0.7f);

// 设置特定音乐通道音量
AudioManager.Instance.SetChannelVolume("Main", 0.5f);

// 淡入淡出主音量
StartCoroutine(AudioManager.Instance.FadeMasterVolume(0f, 2f, () => {
    Debug.Log("音量淡出完成");
}));

// 淡入淡出特定通道音量
StartCoroutine(AudioManager.Instance.FadeChannel("Battle", 0f, 1.5f));

2.2使用Slider控制音量

2.2.1主音量控制

public Slider masterVolumeSlider;

private void Start()
{
    masterVolumeSlider.value = AudioManager.Instance.GetMasterVolume();
    masterVolumeSlider.onValueChanged.AddListener(SetMasterVolume);
}

private void SetMasterVolume(float volume)
{
    AudioManager.Instance.SetMasterVolume(volume);
}

2.2.2音乐通道音量控制

public Slider musicVolumeSlider;

private void Start()
{
    musicVolumeSlider.value = AudioManager.Instance.GetChannelVolume("Main");
    musicVolumeSlider.onValueChanged.AddListener(SetMusicVolume);
}

private void SetMusicVolume(float volume)
{
    AudioManager.Instance.SetChannelVolume("Main", volume);
}

没啥好多的了，直接用就行了。

下面随便写点吧