base64Captcha 是一个基于 Go 语言开发的验证码生成库，主要用于在 Web 应用中集成验证码功能，以增强系统的安全性。以下是其主要特点和简介：
base64Captcha主要功能
- 验证码类型丰富：支持生成多种类型的验证码，包括纯数字、纯字母、数字与字母组合、数学公式、汉字、音频等，满足不同场景的需求。
- 多种存储方式：
- 内存存储：简单易用，低延迟，无网络开销，但无法进行数据持久化，扩展性较差，适合单机部署。
- Redis 存储：性能高，支持分布式存储，但会增加网络开销，同时具有一定的复杂度，适合多台服务器部署的场景。
- 自定义配置灵活：
- 验证码驱动：可以通过实现
Driver接口来自定义验证码的生成逻辑，也可以使用库自带的多种驱动，如DriverString、DriverMath、DriverChinese、DriverAudio、DriverDigit等。 - 验证码样式：支持自定义验证码的高度、宽度、噪点数量、干扰线数量、验证码长度、字符源、背景色、字体等样式参数。
- 验证码驱动：可以通过实现
- 返回格式便捷：以 base64 编码方式返回验证码图片，方便前端展示。
使用示例
以下是一个使用 base64Captcha 生成和验证验证码的简单示例：
后端代码
// example of HTTP server that uses the captcha package.
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"github.com/mojocn/base64Captcha"
"log"
"net/http"
"time"
)
// configJsonBody json request body.
type configJsonBody struct {
Id string
CaptchaType string
VerifyValue string
DriverAudio *base64Captcha.DriverAudio
DriverString *base64Captcha.DriverString
DriverChinese *base64Captcha.DriverChinese
DriverMath *base64Captcha.DriverMath
DriverDigit *base64Captcha.DriverDigit
}
// var store = base64Captcha.DefaultMemStore
var store = base64Captcha.NewMemoryStore(1000, time.Minute*2)
// base64Captcha create http handler
func generateCaptchaHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
//parse request parameters
decoder := json.NewDecoder(r.Body)
var param configJsonBody
err := decoder.Decode(¶m)
if err != nil {
log.Println(err)
}
defer r.Body.Close()
var driver base64Captcha.Driver
//choose driver
switch param.CaptchaType {
case "audio":
driver = param.DriverAudio
case "string":
driver = param.DriverString.ConvertFonts()
case "math":
driver = param.DriverMath.ConvertFonts()
case "chinese":
driver = param.DriverChinese.ConvertFonts()
default:
driver = param.DriverDigit
}
c := base64Captcha.NewCaptcha(driver, store)
id, b64s, _, err := c.Generate()
body := map[string]interface{}{"code": 1, "data": b64s, "captchaId": id, "msg": "success"}
if err != nil {
body = map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "msg": err.Error()}
}
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(body)
}
// base64Captcha verify http handler
func captchaVerifyHandle(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
//parse request parameters
decoder := json.NewDecoder(r.Body)
var param configJsonBody
err := decoder.Decode(¶m)
if err != nil {
log.Println(err)
}
defer r.Body.Close()
//verify the captcha
body := map[string]interface{}{"code": 0, "msg": "failed"}
if store.Verify(param.Id, param.VerifyValue, true) {
body = map[string]interface{}{"code": 1, "msg": "ok"}
}
//set json response
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(body)
}
// start a net/http server
func main() {
//serve Vuejs+ElementUI+Axios Web Application
http.Handle("/", http.FileServer(http.Dir("./static")))
//api for create captcha
http.HandleFunc("/api/getCaptcha", generateCaptchaHandler)
//api for verify captcha
http.HandleFunc("/api/verifyCaptcha", captchaVerifyHandle)
fmt.Println("Server is at :9599")
if err := http.ListenAndServe(":9599", nil); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
前端页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Config Parameter Playground</title>
<meta name="Keywords" content="golang,godoc,captcha,base64,png,图像验证码"/>
<meta name="Description" content="Base64 Captcha"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/element-ui/2.0.11/theme-chalk/index.css">
<style>
.el-header, .el-footer {
background-color: #B3C0D1;
color: #333;
text-align: center;
line-height: 0px;
}
.el-header > p {
margin-top: 12px !important;
}
.el-main {
background-color: #E9EEF3;
color: #333;
text-align: center;
/*line-height: 160px;*/
}
body {
margin: 0px;
text-align: center;
}
.login-container {
-webkit-border-radius: 5px;
border-radius: 5px;
-moz-border-radius: 5px;
background-clip: padding-box;
margin: 15px auto auto auto;
width: 480px;
padding: 6px;
background: #fff;
border: 1px solid #eaeaea;
box-shadow: 0 0 25px #cac6c6;
}
.title {
margin: 0px auto 20px auto;
text-align: center;
color: #505458;
}
.captcha-img {
cursor: pointer;
position: relative;
border: 1px solid chartreuse;
box-shadow: 0 0 6px #cac6c6;
}
.el-form-item {
margin-bottom: 0px;
}
.el-main {
background-color: #E9EEF3;
color: #333;
text-align: center;
padding: 0px !important;
}
</style>
<!-- Place this tag in your head or just before your close body tag. -->
<script src="https://buttons.github.io/buttons.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/vue/2.5.13/vue.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/element-ui/2.0.11/index.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/axios/0.17.1/axios.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<el-container>
<el-header
style="height: 90px!important;">
<!-- Place this tag where you want the button to render. -->
<p>
<a class="github-button" href="https://github.com/mojocn/base64captcha" data-size="large"
data-show-count="true" aria-label="Star mojocn/base64captcha on GitHub">Star</a>
<!-- Place this tag where you want the button to render. -->
<a class="github-button" href="https://github.com/mojocn" data-size="large" data-show-count="true"
aria-label="Follow @mojocn on GitHub">Follow @mojocn</a>
<a class="github-button" href="https://github.com/JJJJJJJerk" data-size="large" data-show-count="true"
aria-label="Follow @mojocn on GitHub">Follow @Eric Zhou</a>
<!-- Place this tag where you want the button to render. -->
<a class="github-button" href="https://github.com/mojocn/base64captcha/issues" data-size="large"
data-show-count="true" aria-label="Issue mojocn/base64captcha on GitHub">Issue</a>
<!-- Place this tag where you want the button to render. -->
<a class="github-button" href="https://github.com/mojocn/base64captcha/archive/master.zip"
data-size="large" aria-label="Download mojocn/base64captcha on GitHub">Download</a>
</p>
<a href="https://godoc.org/github.com/mojocn/base64Captcha" rel="nofollow"><img
src="https://camo.githubusercontent.com/600bdcf87a3b63b5300c6673401901196360a82a/68747470733a2f2f676f646f632e6f72672f6769746875622e636f6d2f6d6f6a6f636e2f626173653634436170746368613f7374617475732e737667"
alt="GoDoc" data-canonical-src="https://godoc.org/github.com/mojocn/base64Captcha?status.svg"
style="max-width:100%;"></a>
<a href="https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/mojocn/base64Captcha" rel="nofollow"><img
src="https://camo.githubusercontent.com/0848346ead4693b8b2d975d8cbbb032945fb708d/68747470733a2f2f676f7265706f7274636172642e636f6d2f62616467652f6769746875622e636f6d2f6d6f6a6f636e2f62617365363443617074636861"
alt="Go Report Card"
data-canonical-src="https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/mojocn/base64Captcha"
style="max-width:100%;">
</a>
<a href="http://golangfoundation.org" rel="nofollow"><img
src="https://camo.githubusercontent.com/36f4996a1c92724272c100659936593ff0909a29/68747470733a2f2f696d672e736869656c64732e696f2f62616467652f476f6c616e672d466f756e646174696f6e2d677265656e2e737667"
alt="Foundation" data-canonical-src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Golang-Foundation-green.svg"
style="max-width:100%;"></a>
<a href="https://codecov.io/gh/mojocn/base64Captcha">
<img src="https://codecov.io/gh/mojocn/base64Captcha/branch/master/graph/badge.svg"/>
</a>
<a href="http://doge.mit-license.org"><img
src="https://camo.githubusercontent.com/3d7aa1ddbfa86368152bf42123c17b69ea8070be/687474703a2f2f696d672e736869656c64732e696f2f3a6c6963656e73652d6d69742d626c75652e737667"
alt="License" data-canonical-src="http://img.shields.io/:license-mit-blue.svg"
style="max-width:100%;"></a>
<a href="https://camo.githubusercontent.com/69f50fbca17d6577018651ff9afcb55cdac03bc4/68747470733a2f2f696d672e736869656c64732e696f2f62616467652f73746162696c6974792d737461626c652d627269676874677265656e2e737667"
target="_blank"><img
src="https://camo.githubusercontent.com/69f50fbca17d6577018651ff9afcb55cdac03bc4/68747470733a2f2f696d672e736869656c64732e696f2f62616467652f73746162696c6974792d737461626c652d627269676874677265656e2e737667"
alt="stability-stable"
data-canonical-src="https://img.shields.io/badge/stability-stable-brightgreen.svg"
style="max-width:100%;"></a>
</p>
</el-header>
<el-main>
<el-row style="width: 50%;margin:8px auto;background: #9e9e9e;padding: 8px 2rem" type="flex"
justify="center" align="middle">
<el-col :span="16">
<img @click.prevent="generateCaptcha" :src="blob" class="captcha-img"
v-if="form.CaptchaType !== 'audio'"/>
<audio controls :src="blob" autoplay v-if="form.CaptchaType === 'audio'"/>
</el-col>
<el-col :span="8">
<el-form>
<el-form-item>
<el-input
type="text"
v-model="form.VerifyValue"
auto-complete="off"
style="margin: 0 auto 8px auto"
placeholder="input your captcha numbers">
</el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button
type="primary"
style="width:100%"
v-loading="loading"
@click.native.prevent="submitForm">
Verify Captcha
</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</el-col>
</el-row>
<el-tabs v-model="form.CaptchaType"
style="width: 70%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;"
type="border-card" @tab-click="handleClick">
<el-tab-pane label="DriverDigit" name="digit">
<el-form
label-width="280px"
label-position="left">
<el-form-item label="DriverDigit.Length">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverDigit.Length" :min="1" :max="10" show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverDigit.Width">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverDigit.Width" :min="20" :max="480" :step="5"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverDigit.Height">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverDigit.Height" :min="20" :max="180" :step="5"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverDigit.MaxSkew">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverDigit.MaxSkew" :step="0.05" :min="0.1" :max="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverDigit.DotCount">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverDigit.DotCount" :min="2" :max="100" show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</el-tab-pane>
<el-tab-pane label="DriverString" name="string">
<el-form
label-width="280px"
label-position="left">
<el-form-item label="DriverString.Length">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverString.Length" :min="1" :max="10" show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverString.Source">
<el-input v-model.trim="form.DriverString.Source"
type="textarea"
placeholder="Any Unicode string is OK, Korean Japanese Greek Arabic Thai ..."
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverString.Width">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverString.Width" :min="20" :max="480" :step="5"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverString.Height">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverString.Height" :min="20" :max="180" :step="5"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverString.NoiseCount">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverString.NoiseCount" :min="0" :max="480" :step="5"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverString.ShowLineOptions">
<el-checkbox-group v-model="form.ShowLineOptions" @change="generateCaptcha">
<el-checkbox label="2">OptionShowHollowLine</el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="4">OptionShowSlimeLine</el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="8">OptionShowSineLine</el-checkbox>
</el-checkbox-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverString.Fonts">
<el-checkbox-group v-model="form.DriverString.Fonts" @change="generateCaptcha">
<el-checkbox v-for="f in fonts" :label="f" :key="f">{{f}}</el-checkbox>
</el-checkbox-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverString.BgColor.">
<el-form-item label="R">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverString.BgColor.R" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="G">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverString.BgColor.G" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="B">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverString.BgColor.B" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="A">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverString.BgColor.A" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</el-tab-pane>
<el-tab-pane label="DriverMath" name="math">
<el-form
label-width="280px"
label-position="left">
<el-form-item label="DriverMath.Width">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverMath.Width" :min="20" :max="480" :step="5"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverMath.Height">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverMath.Height" :min="20" :max="180" :step="5"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverMath.NoiseCount">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverMath.NoiseCount" :min="0" :max="480" :step="5"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverMath.ShowLineOptions">
<el-checkbox-group v-model="form.ShowLineOptions" @change="generateCaptcha">
<el-checkbox label="2">OptionShowHollowLine</el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="4">OptionShowSlimeLine</el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="8">OptionShowSineLine</el-checkbox>
</el-checkbox-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverMath.Fonts">
<el-checkbox-group v-model="form.DriverMath.Fonts" @change="generateCaptcha">
<el-checkbox v-for="f in fonts" :label="f" :key="f">{{f}}</el-checkbox>
</el-checkbox-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverMath.BgColor.">
<el-form-item label="R">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverMath.BgColor.R" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="G">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverMath.BgColor.G" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="B">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverMath.BgColor.B" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="A">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverMath.BgColor.A" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</el-tab-pane>
<el-tab-pane label="DriverChinese" name="chinese">
<el-form
label-width="280px"
label-position="left">
<el-form-item label="DriverChinese.Length">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverChinese.Length" :min="1" :max="10" show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverChinese.Source">
<el-input v-model.trim="form.DriverChinese.Source"
type="textarea"
placeholder="可以是英文逗号分隔的词组"
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverChinese.Width">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverChinese.Width" :min="20" :max="480" :step="5"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverChinese.Height">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverChinese.Height" :min="20" :max="180" :step="5"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverChinese.NoiseCount">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverChinese.NoiseCount" :min="0" :max="480" :step="5"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverChinese.ShowLineOptions">
<el-checkbox-group v-model="form.ShowLineOptions" @change="generateCaptcha">
<el-checkbox label="2">OptionShowHollowLine</el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="4">OptionShowSlimeLine</el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="8">OptionShowSineLine</el-checkbox>
</el-checkbox-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverChinese.Fonts">
<el-checkbox-group v-model="form.DriverChinese.Fonts" @change="generateCaptcha">
<el-checkbox v-for="f in fonts" :label="f" :key="f">{{f}}</el-checkbox>
</el-checkbox-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverChinese.BgColor.">
<el-form-item label="R">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverChinese.BgColor.R" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="G">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverChinese.BgColor.G" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="B">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverChinese.BgColor.B" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="A">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverChinese.BgColor.A" :min="0" :max="254" :step="1"
show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</el-tab-pane>
<el-tab-pane label="DriverAudio" name="audio">
<el-form
label-width="280px"
label-position="left">
<el-form-item label="DriverAudio.Length">
<el-slider v-model="form.DriverAudio.Length" :min="1" :max="10" show-input
@change="generateCaptcha"></el-slider>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="DriverAudio.Language">
<el-radio-group v-model="form.DriverAudio.Language" @change="generateCaptcha">
<el-radio-button label="en"></el-radio-button>
<el-radio-button label="zh"></el-radio-button>
<el-radio-button label="ru"></el-radio-button>
<el-radio-button label="ja"></el-radio-button>
</el-radio-group>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</el-tab-pane>
</el-tabs>
</el-main>
<el-footer
style="line-height: 60px;margin-top: 1rem"
> https://github.com/dejavuzhou/felix
<a href="https://github.com/mojocn" type="success">https://github.com/mojocn</a>
<a href="https://mojotv.cn" type="success">Golang Tech Blog </a>
</el-footer>
</el-container>
</div>
</body>
<script>
new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: function () {
return {
fonts: [
"3Dumb.ttf",
"ApothecaryFont.ttf",
"Comismsh.ttf",
"DENNEthree-dee.ttf",
"DeborahFancyDress.ttf",
"Flim-Flam.ttf",
"RitaSmith.ttf",
"actionj.ttf",
"chromohv.ttf",
"wqy-microhei.ttc",
],
form: {
ShowLineOptions: [],
CaptchaType: "string",
Id: '',
VerifyValue: '',
DriverAudio: {
Length: 6,
Language: 'zh'
},
DriverString: {
Height: 60,
Width: 240,
ShowLineOptions: 0,
NoiseCount: 0,
Source: "1234567890qwertyuioplkjhgfdsazxcvbnm",
Length: 6,
Fonts: ["wqy-microhei.ttc"],
BgColor: {R: 0, G: 0, B: 0, A: 0},
},
DriverMath: {
Height: 60,
Width: 240,
ShowLineOptions: 0,
NoiseCount: 0,
Length: 6,
Fonts: ["wqy-microhei.ttc"],
BgColor: {R: 0, G: 0, B: 0, A: 0},
},
DriverChinese: {
Height: 60,
Width: 320,
ShowLineOptions: 0,
NoiseCount: 0,
Source: "设想,你在,处理,消费者,的音,频输,出音,频可,能无,论什,么都,没有,任何,输出,或者,它可,能是,单声道,立体声,或是,环绕立,体声的,,不想要,的值",
Length: 2,
Fonts: ["wqy-microhei.ttc"],
BgColor: {R: 125, G: 125, B: 0, A: 118},
},
DriverDigit: {
Height: 80,
Width: 240,
Length: 5,
MaxSkew: 0.7,
DotCount: 80
}
},
blob: "",
loading: false
}
},
computed: {
DriverStringSequencedCharacters: {
get: function () {
return this.form.DriverString.SequencedCharacters.join(',')
},
set: function (newValue) {
this.form.DriverString.SequencedCharacters = newValue.split(',')
}
}
},
methods: {
doShowLineOptions(val) {
if (val > 0) {
this.ShowLineOptions = this.form.ShowLineOptions | val;
} else {
}
},
formatTooltip: function (val) {
var items = ['CaptchaModeNumber', 'CaptchaModeAlphabet', 'CaptchaModeArithmetic',
'CaptchaModeNumberAlphabet', 'CaptchaModeChinese', 'CaptchaModeUseSequencedCharacters'];
return items[val];
},
handleClick: function (tab, event) {
this.generateCaptcha();
},
generateCaptcha: function () {
this.loading = true;
//generate uuid string so the serve can verify numbers in the png
//you can generate the captchaId in other way
var that = this;
var opt = 0;
this.form.ShowLineOptions.forEach(item => {
opt = opt | item;
});
this.form.DriverString.ShowLineOptions = opt;
this.form.DriverMath.ShowLineOptions = opt;
//this.form.DriverChineseWords.ShowLineOptions = opt;
// the api/getCaptcha endpoint only recieve captchaId paramenter
axios.post('/api/getCaptcha', that.form)
.then(function (response) {
that.loading = false;
that.form.Id = response.data.captchaId;
that.blob = response.data.data;
})
.catch(function (error) {
that.loading = false;
that.$notify({
title: 500,
message: 'net work or server error',
type: "error"
});
});
},
submitForm: function () {
var that = this;
this.loading = true;
axios.post('/api/verifyCaptcha', that.form)
.then(function (response) {
that.loading = false;
that.$notify({
title: response.data.msg,
message: response.data.data,
type: response.data.code
});
if (response.data.code === "success") {
that.generateCaptcha(false)
}
})
.catch(function (error) {
that.loading = false;
that.$notify({
title: 500,
message: 'net work or server error',
type: "error"
});
});
}
},
mounted: function () {
this.generateCaptcha()
}
})
</script>
</html>
效果
适用场景
- 用户登录：防止暴力破解密码。
- 注册验证：确保注册用户为真人操作。
- 敏感操作：如修改密码、支付等操作前的二次验证。
