【Spring Cloud实战】Consul服务注册与发现

news2025/7/21 10:05:40

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1、简介

https://www.consul.io/docs/intro

Consul is a service mesh solution providing a full featured control plane with service discovery, configuration, and segmentation functionality. Each of these features can be used individually as needed, or they can be used together to build a full service mesh. Consul requires a data plane and supports both a proxy and native integration model. Consul ships with a simple built-in proxy so that everything works out of the box, but also supports 3rd party proxy integrations such as Envoy.

Consul 是一套开源的分布式服务发现和配置管理系统，由 HashiCorp 公司用 Go 语言开发。

提供了微服务系统中的服务治理、配置中心、控制总线等功能。这些功能中的每一个都可以根据需要单独使用，也可以一起使用以构建全方位的服务网格，总之Consul提供了一种完整的服务网格解决方案。

它具有很多优点。包括： 基于 raft 协议，比较简洁； 支持健康检查, 同时支持 HTTP 和 DNS 协议 支持跨数据中心的 WAN 集群 提供图形界面 跨平台，支持 Linux、Mac、Windows

特性

下载

https://www.consul.io/downloads

2、安装并运行

https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/consul/get-started-install?in=consul/getting-started

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解压之后就是一个exe文件，双击运行即可

查看版本信息

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consul --version

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使用开发者模式启动

consul agent -dev

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通过地址即可访问到consul的首页：http://localhost:8500/

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3、服务提供者

1、新建module

xiaobear-provider-consul-payment8006-7

2、改pom

<dependencies>

        <!--SpringCloud consul-server -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3、写yml

server:
  port: 8006

spring:
  application:
    name: consul-provider-payment
  #consul服务注册地址
  cloud:
    consul:
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}

4、主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsulProviderPayment {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsulProviderPayment.class,args);
    }
}

5、业务类

controller

@RestController
public class PaymentController {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/consul/payment")
    public String paymentInfo(){
        return "hello consul,"+serverPort;
    }
}

6、测试

http://localhost:8006/consul/payment
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4、服务消费者

1、新建module

xiaobear-consumer-consul-order82

2、改pom

    <dependencies>

        <!--SpringCloud consul-server -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3、写yml

###consul服务端口号
server:
  port: 80

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-consumer-order
  ####consul注册中心地址
  cloud:
    consul:
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        #hostname: 127.0.0.1
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}

4、主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsulOrderMain {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsulOrderMain.class,args);
    }
}

5、业务类

1、配置bean

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextBean {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

2、controller

@RestController
public class OrderConsulController {

    public static final String INVOKE_URL = "http://consul-provider-payment"; //consul-provider-payment

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/consul")
    public String paymentInfo()
    {
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject(INVOKE_URL+"/consul/payment", String.class);
        System.out.println("消费者调用支付服务(consule)--->result:" + result);
        return result;
    }
}