项目：贪吃蛇实现

头文件 snake.h

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include<locale.h>
#include<stdbool.h>
#include<time.h>

#define POS_X 24

#define POS_Y 5
#define BODY L'●' 
#define FOOD L'★'
#define KEY_PRESS(VK)  ((GetAsyncKeyState(VK)&0x1) ? 1 : 0)

enum DIRECTION
{
	UP = 1,
	DOWN,
	LEFT,
	RIGHT

};

enum GAME_STATES
{
	OK,//正常状态
	KILL_BY_WALL,//撞墙
	KILL_BY_SELF,//撞到自己
	END_NORMAL//正常结束
};

typedef struct SnakeNode
{
	//坐标
	int x;
	int y;
	//指向下一个节点的指针
	struct SnakeNode* next;

}SnakeNode,*pSnakeNode;

typedef struct Snake
{
	pSnakeNode _pSnake;//指向蛇头的指针
	pSnakeNode _pFood;//指向食物的指针
	enum DIRECTION _dir;//蛇的方向
	enum GAME_STATES _state; //游戏的状态
	int _food_weight;//食物的分数
	int _score;//总成绩
	int _sleep_time;//休息时间，时间越短速度越快
}Snake, * pSnake;

void GameStart(pSnake ps);

void WelcomGame();

void CreatMap();

void InitSnake(pSnake ps);

void CreatFood(pSnake ps);

void GameRun(pSnake ps);

void SnakeMove(pSnake ps);

int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);

void EatFood(pSnakeNode psn, pSnake ps);

void NoFood(pSnakeNode psn, pSnake ps);

int KillByWall(pSnake ps);

int KillBySelf(pSnake ps);

void GameOver(pSnake ps);

snake.c

#include"snake.h"

//设置光标的坐标
void SetPos(short x, short y)
{
	COORD pos = { x, y };
	HANDLE hOutput = NULL;
	//获取标准输出的句柄(⽤来标识不同设备的数值)
	hOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	//设置标准输出上光标的位置为pos
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOutput, pos);
}
void WelcomGame()
{
	SetPos(40,14);
	wprintf(L"欢迎来到贪吃蛇小游戏\n");
	SetPos(42, 20);
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
	SetPos(25, 14);
	wprintf(L"用↑.↓.←.→ 来控制蛇的移动，F3加速F4减速\n");
	SetPos(25, 15);
	wprintf(L"加速获得的分数更多\n");
	SetPos(42, 20);
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void CreatMap()
{
	int i = 0;
	//上
	for(i = 0; i < 29; i++)
	{
		wprintf(L"%lc", L'□');
	}
	//下
	SetPos(0, 26);
	for (i = 0; i < 29; i++)
	{
		wprintf(L"%lc", L'□');
	}
	//左
	for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++)
	{
		SetPos(0, i);
		wprintf(L"%lc", L'□');
	}
	//右
	for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++)
	{
		SetPos(56, i);
		wprintf(L"%lc", L'□');
	}
	
}

void InitSnake(pSnake ps)
{
	pSnakeNode cur = NULL;
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0;i<5; i++)
	{
		cur = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
		if (cur == NULL)
		{
			perror("malloc");
			exit(1);
		}
		cur->next = NULL;
		cur->x = POS_X + 2 * i;
		cur->y = POS_Y;
		//头插法
		if (ps->_pSnake == NULL)
		{
			ps->_pSnake = cur;
		}
		else//非空
		{
			cur->next = ps->_pSnake;
			ps->_pSnake = cur;
		}

	}
	//打印蛇的身体
	cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
		wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);
		cur = cur->next;
	}
	//设置游戏初始数据
	ps->_state = OK;//游戏状态
	ps->_dir = RIGHT;//蛇的初始方向朝右
	ps->_food_weight = 10;//一个食物10分
	ps->_score = 0;//初始为0分
	ps->_sleep_time = 200;//单位ms
	
}

void CreatFood(pSnake ps)
{
	int x = 0;
	int y = 0;
again:
	do
	{
		x = rand() % 53 + 2;
	    y = rand() % 25 + 1;
	} while (x % 2 != 0);
	

	//x y 的坐标不能和蛇的身体冲突
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		if (x == cur->x && y == cur->y)
		{
			goto again;
		}
		cur = cur->next;
	}

	//创建食物的节点

	pSnakeNode pFood = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
	if (pFood == NULL)
	{
		perror("malloc");
		exit(1);
	}
	pFood->x = x;
	pFood->y = y;
	pFood->next = NULL;

	SetPos(x, y);
	wprintf(L"%lc", FOOD);
	ps->_pFood = pFood;
	
}

void GameStart(pSnake ps)
{
	//先设置窗口大小，光标隐藏
	system("mode con cols=100 lines=30");
	system("title 贪吃蛇");
	HANDLE houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	//隐藏光标操作
    CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;
	GetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo);//获取控制台光标信息
    CursorInfo.bVisible = false; //隐藏控制台光标
	SetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo);//设置控制台光标状态

	//getchar();
	//初始化游戏
	//打印环境界面
	WelcomGame();
	//地图绘制
	CreatMap();
	//创建蛇
	InitSnake(ps);
	//创建食物
	CreatFood(ps);
}
void PrintHelpInfo()
{
	//打印提⽰信息
	SetPos(64, 14);
	wprintf(L"先按esc启动贪吃蛇\n");
	SetPos(64, 15);
	wprintf(L"不能穿墙，不能咬到自己\n");
	SetPos(64, 16);
	wprintf(L"用↑.↓.←.→ 来控制蛇的移动\n");
	SetPos(64, 17);
	wprintf(L"F3 为加速，F4为减速\n");
	SetPos(64, 18);
	wprintf(L"ESC ：退出游戏.space：暂停游戏");
	SetPos(64, 20);
	wprintf(L"景风制作");
	

}

//pSnakeNode psn 是下⼀个节点的地址
//pSnake ps 维护蛇的指针
int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode psn, pSnake ps)
{
	return (psn->x == ps->_pFood->x) && (psn->y == ps->_pFood->y);
}

//pSnakeNode psn 是下⼀个节点的地址
//pSnake ps 维护蛇的指针
void EatFood(pSnakeNode psn, pSnake ps)
{
	//头插法
	psn->next = ps->_pSnake;
	ps->_pSnake = psn;
	//打印蛇
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
		wprintf(L"%c", BODY);
		cur = cur->next;
	}
	ps->_score += ps->_food_weight;
	//释放⻝物节点
	free(ps->_pFood);
	//创建新的⻝物
	CreatFood(ps);

}

void NoFood(pSnakeNode psn, pSnake ps)
{
	//头插法
	psn->next = ps->_pSnake;
	ps->_pSnake = psn;
	//打印蛇
    pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur->next->next)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
		wprintf(L"%c", BODY);
		cur = cur->next;
	}
	//最后⼀个位置打印空格，然后释放节点
	SetPos(cur->next->x, cur->next->y);
	printf("  ");
	free(cur->next);
	cur->next = NULL;
}

void SnakeMove(pSnake ps)
{
	//创建下⼀个节点
    pSnakeNode pNextNode = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
	if (pNextNode == NULL)
	{
		perror("SnakeMove()::malloc()");
		return;
	}
	//确定下⼀个节点的坐标，下⼀个节点的坐标根据，蛇头的坐标和⽅向确定
	switch(ps->_dir)
	{
	 case UP:
	 {
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y - 1;
	 }
		break;
	 case DOWN:
	 {
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;
	    pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y + 1; 
	 }
		break;
	 case LEFT:
	 {
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x-2;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;
	 }
		break;
	 case RIGHT:
	  {
		 pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x+2;
		 pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;
	  }
		 break;
	}
	//如果下⼀个位置就是食物
	if (NextIsFood(pNextNode, ps))
	{
		EatFood(pNextNode, ps);
	}
	else//如果没有食物
    {
		NoFood(pNextNode, ps);
	}
	KillByWall(ps);
	KillBySelf(ps);

}

void pause()
{
	while (1)
	{
		Sleep(300);
		if (KEY_PRESS(VK_ESCAPE))
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}
int KillByWall(pSnake ps)
{
	if ((ps->_pSnake->x == 0)
		|| (ps->_pSnake->x == 56)
		|| (ps->_pSnake->y == 0)
		|| (ps->_pSnake->y == 26))
	{
		ps->_state = KILL_BY_WALL;
		return 1;
	}
	
	return 0;
}

int KillBySelf(pSnake ps)
{
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake->next;
	while (cur)
	{
		if ((ps->_pSnake->x == cur->x)
			&& (ps->_pSnake->y == cur->y))
		{
			ps->_state = KILL_BY_SELF;
			return 1;
		}
		cur = cur->next;
	}
	
	return 0;
}

void GameRun(pSnake ps)
{
	//打印右侧帮助信息
    PrintHelpInfo();
	do
	{
		SetPos(64, 10);
		printf("得分：% d ", ps->_score);
		printf("每个食物得分：%2d分", ps->_food_weight);
		if (KEY_PRESS(VK_UP) && ps->_dir != DOWN)
		{
			ps->_dir = UP;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_DOWN) && ps->_dir != UP)
		{
			ps->_dir = DOWN;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_LEFT) && ps->_dir != RIGHT)
		{
			ps->_dir = LEFT;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_RIGHT) && ps->_dir != LEFT)
		{
			ps->_dir = RIGHT;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE))
		{
			pause();
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_ESCAPE))
		{
			ps->_state = END_NORMAL;
			break;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F3))
		{
			if (ps->_sleep_time >= 50)
			{
				ps->_sleep_time -= 30;
				ps->_food_weight += 2;//⼀个⻝物分数最⾼是20分

			}
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F4))
		{
			if (ps->_sleep_time < 350)
			{
				ps->_sleep_time += 30;
				ps->_food_weight -= 2;//⼀个⻝物分数最⾼是20分

			}
		}
		//蛇每次⼀定之间要休眠的时间，时间短，蛇移动速度就快
		Sleep(ps->_sleep_time);
		SnakeMove(ps);

	} while (ps->_state == OK);

}

void GameOver(pSnake ps)
{
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	SetPos(24, 12);
	switch (ps->_state)
	{
	case END_NORMAL:
		printf("您主动退出游戏\n");
			break;
	case KILL_BY_SELF:
		printf("您撞上自己了,游戏结束!\n");
		SetPos(0, 27);
			break;
	case KILL_BY_WALL:
		printf("您撞墙了，游戏结束!\n");
		SetPos(0, 27);
			break;
	}
	//释放蛇⾝的节点

	while (cur)
	{
		pSnakeNode del = cur;
		cur = cur->next;
		free(del);
	}
}

test.c

#include"snake.h"

void test()
{
	int ch = 0;
	do
	{
		system("cls");
		//创建贪吃蛇
		Snake snake = { 0 };
		//初始化游戏
		//打印环境界面
		//功能介绍
		//地图绘制
		//创建蛇
		//创建食物
		//设置游戏相关数据
		GameStart(&snake);
		//运行游戏
		GameRun(&snake);
		//结束游戏，善后工作
		GameOver(&snake);
		SetPos(20, 15);
		printf("再来一局吗(y/n)\n");
		ch = getchar();
		getchar();
		SetPos(0, 27);
	} while(ch=='y'||ch=='Y');
}

int main()
{

	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
	test();
	return 0;
}