Hardhat是一个编译、部署、测试和调试以太坊应用的开发环境。

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Hardhat内置了Hardhat网络，这是一个专为开发设计的本地以太坊网络。主要功能有Solidity调试，跟踪调用堆栈、 console.log() 和交易失败时的明确错误信息提示等

​安装

# 创建项目目录
mkdir hardhat-tutorial
cd hardhat-tutorial

# 初始化node.js环境
npm init

# 安装 hardhat
npm install --save-dev hardhat

npx hardhat

编写合约代码

 编写代码，注意目录，文件名

//SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED
pragma solidity ^0.8.9;


contract Computed{

    uint x;

    function add(uint y) public view returns(uint){
        return x + y;
    }

    function readd(uint y) public view returns(uint){
        return add(y);
    }

}

编译

npx hardhat compile

编译成功后

测试

# 安装工具
npm install --save-dev @nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox

 创建测试文件  computed.js，注意文件夹和文件名 

const { expect } = require("chai");


describe("Computed contract", function () {
  it("Deployment Computed compute result", async function () {
    
    // ether.js里getSigners 表示账户
    const [owner] = await ethers.getSigners();

    // ether.js里getContractFactory 是部署合约的抽象类
    const Computed = await ethers.getContractFactory("Computed");

    // 部署合约
    const hardhatComputed = await Computed.deploy();

    // 调用合约函数
    const result = await hardhatComputed.add(2);


    expect( result == 2  );
  });
});

#执行测试
 npx hardhat test

debug

// Computed.sol 里添加

pragma solidity ^0.8.9;

//添加内容
import "hardhat/console.sol";

contract Computed{

    uint x;

    function add(uint y) public view returns(uint){
        // 打印日志
        console.log(
            "start add",
            msg.sender,
            x,
            y
        );
        return x + y;
    }

    function readd(uint y) public view returns(uint){
        return add(y);
    }
}

执行结果

部署测试网、主网

新建目录，文件 deploy.js

async function main() {
    const [deployer] = await ethers.getSigners();
  
    console.log("Deploying contracts with the account:", deployer.address);
  
    console.log("Account balance:", (await deployer.getBalance()).toString());
  
    const Token = await ethers.getContractFactory("Computed");
    const token = await Token.deploy();
  
    console.log("Token address:", token.address);
  }
  
  main()
    .then(() => process.exit(0))
    .catch((error) => {
      console.error(error);
      process.exit(1);
    });

修改 hardhat.config.js

require("@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox");

// 到  https://www.alchemyapi.io, 创建dAPP，找到key , 替换 KEY
const ALCHEMY_API_KEY = "KEY";

// 替换钱包私钥，记得这是Goerli测试网
// 打开小狐狸 Metamask 钱包
// 打开 Account Details > 导出 Private Key
// 注意: 不要往测试网里转主网（真实账号）的eth
const GOERLI_PRIVATE_KEY = "YOUR GOERLI PRIVATE KEY";

module.exports = {
  solidity: "0.8.9",
  networks: {
    goerli: {
      url: `https://eth-goerli.alchemyapi.io/v2/${ALCHEMY_API_KEY}`,
      accounts: [GOERLI_PRIVATE_KEY]
    }
  }
};

 以下2个可以 Goerli 水龙头可以领取 测试网的eth

• Chainlink faucet
• Alchemy Goerli Faucet

部署： 

npx hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network Goerli

查看Hardhat命令

npx hardhat 

hardhat.config.js 添加

require("@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox");

参考:

3. Creating a new Hardhat project | Ethereum development environment for professionals by Nomic Foundation