Ubuntu下实现nginx反向代理

news2025/6/7 12:04:52

1. 多个ngx实例安装

脚本已经在deepseek的指导下完成啦！
deepseek写的脚本支持ubuntu/centos两种系统。

ins_prefix="/usr/local/"
makefile_gen() {
	ngx=$1	
	ngx_log_dir="/var/log/"$ngx"/"
	ngx_temp_path="/var/temp/"${ngx}"/"
        ngx_run_dir="/var/run/${ngx}/"
	ngx_lock_dir="/var/lock/"

	echo "nginx log directory: "${ngx_log_dir}
	echo "nginx temp path: "${ngx_temp_path}
	
mkdir -p ${ngx_temp_path} ${ngx_log_dir} ${ngx_run_dir} ${ngx_lock_dir}
echo "Created directories:"
echo " - ${ngx_temp_path}"
echo " - ${ngx_log_dir}"
echo " - ${ngx_run_dir}"
echo " - ${ngx_lock_dir}"

./configure \
--prefix=${ins_prefix}${ngx} \
--pid-path="/var/run/"${ngx}"/nginx.pid" \
--lock-path="/var/lock/"${ngx}".lock" \
--error-log-path=${ngx_log_dir}"error.log" \
--http-log-path=${ngx_log_dir}"access.log" \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=${ngx_temp_path}"client" \
--http-proxy-temp-path=${ngx_temp_path}"proxy" \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=${ngx_temp_path}"fastcgi" \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=${ngx_temp_path}"uwsgi" \
--http-scgi-temp-path=${ngx_temp_path}"scgi"

	if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
		echo "Configure failed! Exiting..."
		exit 1
	fi
}

# should have super user priveledge
if [ `whoami` != root ]; then
	echo "please run this scripit with sudo or as root!"
	exit 1
fi

if command -v apt-get &> /dev/null; then
	apt-get update
	apt-get install -y libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev wget make gcc openssl 
elif command -v yum &> /dev/null; then
	yum install -y libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev wget make gcc openssl 
else
	echo "Unsupported package manager! Please install dependencies manually."
	exit 1
fi

if [ ! -d "nginx-1.26.3" ]; then
	if [ ! -f "nginx-1.26.3.tar.gz" ]; then
	wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.26.3.tar.gz || { echo "Download failed"; exit 1;}
	fi
	tar -xvf nginx-1.26.3.tar.gz || { echo "Extraction failed!"; exit 1;}
fi
cd nginx-1.26.3 || { echo "Entering source directory failed!"; exit 1;}


# find location and name to locate:
# /usr/local/nginx
# /usr/local/nginx1
# /usr/local/nginx2
# ...
ngx="nginx"
if [ ! -e ${ins_prefix}${ngx} ];then
	echo ${ins_prefix}${ngx_nm}" not exits!";
else
	id=0
	
	while [ -e ${ins_prefix}${ngx} ]; do
		id=$(($id+1))
		ngx="nginx"${id}
	done
fi
echo "nginx will be installed to :"${ins_prefix}${ngx}

makefile_gen "${ngx}"

make && make install || { echo "Build/Install failed!"; exit 1; }

echo "Installation completed successfully!"
echo "Binary path: ${ins_prefix}${ngx}/sbin/nginx"

2. ssl自签名证书

如果要免费的，需要在Lets encrypt上去申请。
这里按照博客使用自签名证书。

openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 cert.key -out cert.crt

3. nginx反向代理配置

示意图
在这里插入图片描述

在客户端上修改hosts配置文件，这步主要是为了将想用的域名给对上内网的IP。

192.168.100.128 www.sina.com.cn
192.168.100.128 www.sohu.com

之后就是在proxy上安装一个nginx，配置如下代理文件


#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;
    upstream sina {
	server 192.168.100.129:80 weight=1;   
	server 192.168.100.129:82 weight=2;
}
    server {
	listen 80;
	server_name www.sina.com.cn;

	location / {
	    proxy_pass http://sina;
            
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            
            proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
            proxy_read_timeout 600s;
            proxy_send_timeout 600s;
	}

    }
    upstream sohu {
    server 192.168.100.129:81;    
}
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.sohu.com;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
        	proxy_pass http://192.168.100.129:81;
            
            # 以下为常用代理参数配置
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            
            proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
            proxy_read_timeout 600s;
            proxy_send_timeout 600s;
	}

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }


}

在real server上安装3个nginx, 只需要将监听的端口稍微改一个就好了。

4. nginx负载均衡配置

负载均衡的配置其实很简单。。。

   upstream sina {
	server 192.168.100.129:80 weight=1;   
	server 192.168.100.129:82 weight=2;
    }
    server {
	listen 80;
	server_name www.sina.com.cn;

	location / {
	    proxy_pass http://sina;
            
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            
            proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
            proxy_read_timeout 600s;
            proxy_send_timeout 600s;
	}

    }