2.2.2 06年T1

news2025/6/1 17:53:15

成功的同化机器——美国：2006年考研英语（一）Text 1精析

本文解析2006年考研英语（一）第一篇文章，揭示美国社会强大的文化同化力及其表现。

一、原文与翻译

Paragraph 1：美国社会的同化本质

L1:
In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people.
翻译：尽管存在“无休止的区别讨论”，美国社会仍是一个惊人的同化机器。

L2:
There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference” characteristic of popular culture.
翻译：“衣着与语言的民主化统一、随意态度与尊重的缺失”是流行文化的特征。

L3-L5:
People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores… Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite… This turned shopping into a public and democratic act. The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.
翻译：人们被融入19世纪百货商店发起的“消费文化”中… 区别于迎合知识精英的私密商店… 购物由此变为公共民主行为。大众媒体、广告和体育是同化的其他力量。

段落总结：

L1 提出核心论点：美国是强大的文化同化机器。
L2-L5 列举论据：
- 流行文化（衣着、语言、态度）
- 百货商店（推动大众消费文化）
- 大众媒体、广告、体育

Paragraph 2：移民融入与同化程度

L1:
Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous.
翻译：移民迅速融入共同文化，这种文化虽不高级但几乎无害。

L2-L4:
…today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented levels nor resistant to assimilation… In 1998: 9.8%; in 1900: 13.6%… Prior to 1990: 3.1/1000; prior to 1890: 9.2/1000.
翻译：当今移民规模未达历史峰值且未抵抗同化（数据对比证明）。

L5:
Now, consider three indices of assimilation—language, home ownership and intermarriage.
翻译：下文分析同化的三大指标：语言、房屋拥有率、跨种族婚姻。

段落总结：

L1 承上启下：移民成功融入共同文化。
L2-L4 驳斥偏见：移民规模未超历史，且积极同化。
L5 引出下文：三大同化指标。

Paragraph 3：语言与房屋拥有率

L1-L4:
The 1990 Census revealed… “a majority of immigrants spoke English ‘well’ or ‘very well’ after ten years”… By the third generation, the original language is lost… America as a “graveyard” for languages.
翻译：数据表明移民英语水平高，第三代母语基本丢失→美国成语言“坟墓”。

L5:
Foreign-born immigrants… home ownership rate of 75.6%… higher than native-born Americans’ 69.8%.
翻译：1970年前移民房屋拥有率75.6%（高于本土美国人69.8%）。

段落总结：

指标1：语言 → 移民快速掌握英语，母语三代消失。
指标2：房屋拥有率 → 移民购房率超越本土居民。

Paragraph 4：跨种族婚姻

L1-L2:
Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S.-born whites and blacks”… By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women marry non-Hispanics…
翻译：亚裔和西班牙裔移民跨族通婚率高于本土白人和黑人（第三代超1/3）。

段落总结：

指标3：跨种族婚姻 → 移民后代通婚率显著提升。

Paragraph 5：文化影响力的例证

L1:
Children in remote villages worldwide are fans of American superstars, yet “some Americans fear that immigrants… remain immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”
翻译：全球偏远地区儿童追捧美国明星，但部分美国人却担心移民“免疫同化”。

段落总结：

对比论证：美国文化影响全球，其国内同化力更毋庸置疑。

Paragraph 6：作者观点总结

L1-L3:
Are there divisive issues in America? Indeed… But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardly suggest a dark environment.
翻译：美国是否存在分裂？确实有（体量大可包容一切），但对比动荡历史，当前社会指标并未显示环境恶化。

段落总结：