今天来实现页面中的国际化
首先，需要创建一个新的spring boot项目，导入前端模板，在我的博客中可以找到，然后将HTML文件放在templates包下，将其他的静态资源放在statics包下，如下图结构
页面的国际化主要在首页，即index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="asserts/css/signin.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body class="text-center">
<form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html">
<img class="mb-4" src="asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal">Please sign in</h1>
<label class="sr-only">Username</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" required="" autofocus="">
<label class="sr-only">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" required="">
<div class="checkbox mb-3">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> Remember me
</label>
</div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit">Sign in</button>
<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018</p>
<a class="btn btn-sm">中文</a>
<a class="btn btn-sm">English</a>
</form>
</body>
</html>我们还需要导入thymeleaf启动器（maven依赖）
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>在建立controller层进行页面测试
IndexController.java
package com.lyc.staffing.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class IndexController {
@RequestMapping({"/", "/index"})
public String index(){
return "index";
}
}
测试结果：
还可以自定义视图控制器，建立Config层，编写MyMvcConfig.java
根据官方文档：
If you want to keep those Spring Boot MVC customizations and make more MVC customizations (interceptors, formatters, view controllers, and other features), you can add your own @Configuration class of type WebMvcConfigurer but without @EnableWebMvc.
所以我们建立的类需要设置注解@Configuration，class of type WebMvcConfigurer 说明需要实现WebMvcConfigurer接口，重写内部方法，自定义自己的方法
即定义视图跳转
package com.lyc.staffing.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
// 视图控制器
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("index");
registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
}
}可以达到和controller层一样的效果。
如果要实现国际化，需要利用Thymeleaf模板引擎，先将静态资源导入，这里用到了Thymeleaf的语法，这里建议参考官网文档，
先在首页代码中加上命名空间
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">然后将导入的静态资源全部用thymeleaf语法引入，即th:href,th:src,等等，因为是url，所以使用@{}
然后需要创建i18n包，里面建立配置文件，login.properties,login_en_US.properties,login_zn_CN.properties,IDEA会自动整合，如下所示
其中配置默认文件，汉语配置文件，英语配置文件
login.properties
login.btn=登录
login.password=密码
login.remember=记住我
login.tip=请登录
login.username=用户名login_en_US.properties
login.btn=Sign in
login.password=password
login.remember=Remember Me
login.tip=Please Sign In
login.username=Usernamelogin_zn_CN.properties
login.btn=登录
login.password=密码
login.remember=记住我
login.tip=请登录
login.username=用户名然后用thymeleaf语法将 标签内的元素名替换，如
<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}">Please sign in</h1>
<input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus="">
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="">
<div class="checkbox mb-3">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> [[#{login.remember}]]
</label>
</div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}">Sign in</button>进行测试，这时的中文，与英文还无法转换，这两个a链接，需要绑定index.html，并传参
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(lang='zh_CN')}">中文</a>
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(lang='en_US')}">English</a>这是我们需要自己定义一个地区解析器（LocaleResolver）,AcceptHeaderLocaleContextResolver
源码中找到resolveLocale方法
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
Locale defaultLocale = getDefaultLocale();
if (defaultLocale != null && request.getHeader("Accept-Language") == null) {
return defaultLocale;
}
Locale requestLocale = request.getLocale();
List<Locale> supportedLocales = getSupportedLocales();
if (supportedLocales.isEmpty() || supportedLocales.contains(requestLocale)) {
return requestLocale;
}
Locale supportedLocale = findSupportedLocale(request, supportedLocales);
if (supportedLocale != null) {
return supportedLocale;
}
return (defaultLocale != null ? defaultLocale : requestLocale);
}然后我们自定义MyLocaleResolver 实现LocalResolver接口，重写resolveLocale方法，仿造上面源码
package com.lyc.staffing.config;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;
import org.thymeleaf.util.StringUtils;
import java.util.Locale;
//自定义地区解析器
public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
//解析请求
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
//获取请求中的语言参数
String lang = request.getParameter("lang");
System.out.println("lang ====》 " + lang);
Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();
//判断是否为空,如果请求的连接携带了国际化的参数
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(lang)){
//如果不为空就获取参数进行分割 zh_CN
String[] split = lang.split("_");
//国家，地区
locale = new Locale(split[0], split[1]);
}
return locale;
}
@Override
public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {
}
}
然后再我们的MyMvcConfig中添加LocaleResolver组件
// 自定义国际化组件
@Bean
public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
return new MyLocaleResolver();
}
//为什么类名是localeResolver，因为在WebMvcAutoConfiguration中的EnableWebMvcConfiguration（自动配置）里的localeResolver方法上的注解
//是@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = DispatcherServlet.LOCALE_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME)，再往里剖析得@ConditionalOnMissingBean(localeResolver)
//public static final String LOCALE_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME = "localeResolver";
//因此，自动配置类中的地区解析器失效，则会使用我们自定义的组件index.html代码展示：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link th:href="@{/css/bootstrap.min.css}" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link th:href="@{/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body class="text-center">
<form class="form-signin" th:action="@{/user/login}">
<img class="mb-4" th:src="@{/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" alt="" width="72" height="72">
<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}">Please sign in</h1>
<input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus="">
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="">
<div class="checkbox mb-3">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> [[#{login.remember}]]
</label>
</div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}">Sign in</button>
<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2025-2026</p>
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(lang='zh_CN')}">中文</a>
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(lang='en_US')}">English</a>
</form>
</body>
</html>启动项目，进行测试
至此，页面国际化完成
结论：spring boot为我们封装了大量的配置文件，我们需要做的事情很少，但是还是需要了解原理的，建议大家可以多分析分析源码，希望能帮助到大家
