一 .logcat命令介绍
android log系统:

logcat介绍 :
logcat是android中的一个命令行工具,可以用于得到程序的log信息.
二.C/C++logcat访问接口
Android系统中的C/C++日志接口是通过宏来使用的。在system/core/include/android/log.h定义了日志的级别:
/*
 * Android log priority values, in ascending priority order.
 */
typedef enum android_LogPriority {
	ANDROID_LOG_UNKNOWN = 0,
	ANDROID_LOG_DEFAULT,	/* only for SetMinPriority() */
	ANDROID_LOG_VERBOSE,
	ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG,
	ANDROID_LOG_INFO,
	ANDROID_LOG_WARN,
	ANDROID_LOG_ERROR,
	ANDROID_LOG_FATAL,
	ANDROID_LOG_SILENT,	/* only for SetMinPriority(); must be last */
} android_LogPriority; 
在system/core/include/cutils/log.h中,定义了对应的宏,如对应于ANDROID_LOG_VERBOSE的宏LOGV:
/*
 * This is the local tag used for the following simplified
 * logging macros. You can change this preprocessor definition
 * before using the other macros to change the tag.
 */
#ifndef LOG_TAG
#define LOG_TAG NULL
#endif
 
/*
 * Simplified macro to send a verbose log message using the current LOG_TAG.
 */
#ifndef LOGV
#if LOG_NDEBUG
#define LOGV(...)   ((void)0)
#else
#define LOGV(...)   ((void)LOG(LOG_VERBOSE, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__))
#endif
#endif
 
/*
 * Basic log message macro.
 *
 * Example:
 *  LOG(LOG_WARN, NULL, "Failed with error %d", errno);
 *
 * The second argument may be NULL or "" to indicate the "global" tag.
 */
#ifndef LOG
#define LOG(priority, tag, ...) \
     LOG_PRI(ANDROID_##priority, tag, __VA_ARGS__)
#endif
 
/*
 * Log macro that allows you to specify a number for priority.
 */
#ifndef LOG_PRI
#define LOG_PRI(priority, tag, ...) \
     android_printLog(priority, tag, __VA_ARGS__)
#endif
 
/*
 * ================================================================
 *
 * The stuff in the rest of this file should not be used directly.
 */
#define android_printLog(prio, tag, fmt...) \
     __android_log_print(prio, tag, fmt) 
因此,如果要使用C/C++日志接口,只要定义自己的LOG_TAG宏和包含头文件system/core/include/cutils/log.h就可以了:
#define LOG_TAG "MY LOG TAG"
#include <cutils/log.h>
就可以了,例如使用LOGV:
LOGV("This is the log printed by LOGV in android user space.");
三.Java logcat访问接口
Android系统在Frameworks层中定义了Log接口(frameworks/base/core/java/android/util/Log.java):
................................................
 
public final class Log {
 
................................................
 
	/**
	 * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.v.
         */
	public static final int VERBOSE = 2;
 
	/**
	 * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.d.
         */
	public static final int DEBUG = 3;
 
	/**
	 * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.i.
         */
	public static final int INFO = 4;
 
	/**
	 * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.w.
         */
	public static final int WARN = 5;
 
	/**
	 * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.e.
         */
	public static final int ERROR = 6;
 
	/**
	 * Priority constant for the println method.
         */
	public static final int ASSERT = 7;
 
.....................................................
 
	public static int v(String tag, String msg) {
		return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, VERBOSE, tag, msg);
	}
 
	public static int v(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
		return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, VERBOSE, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
	}
 
	public static int d(String tag, String msg) {
		return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, DEBUG, tag, msg);
	}
 
	public static int d(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
		return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, DEBUG, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
	}
 
	public static int i(String tag, String msg) {
		return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, INFO, tag, msg);
	}
 
	public static int i(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
		return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, INFO, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
	}
 
	public static int w(String tag, String msg) {
		return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, WARN, tag, msg);
	}
 
	public static int w(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
		return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, WARN, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
	}
 
	public static int w(String tag, Throwable tr) {
		return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, WARN, tag, getStackTraceString(tr));
	}
	
	public static int e(String tag, String msg) {
		return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, ERROR, tag, msg);
	}
 
	public static int e(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
		return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, ERROR, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
	}
 
..................................................................
 
	/**@hide */ public static native int println_native(int bufID,
		int priority, String tag, String msg);
} 
因此,如果要使用Java日志接口,只要在类中定义的LOG_TAG常量和引用android.util.Log就可以了:
private static final String LOG_TAG = "MY_LOG_TAG";
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "This is the log printed by Log.i in android user space.");
四.logcat命令参数
|   参数  |   描述  | 
| -b <buffer> | 加载一个可使用的日志缓冲区供查看,比如event和radio。默认值是main | 
| -c | 清除缓冲区中的全部日志并退出(清除完后可以使用-g查看缓冲区) | 
| -d | 将缓冲区的log转存到屏幕中然后退出 | 
| -f <filename> | 将log输出到指定的文件中<文件名>.默认为标准输出(stdout) | 
| -g | 打印日志缓冲区的大小并退出 | 
| -n <count> | 设置日志的最大数目<count>,默认值是4,需要和-r选项一起使用 | 
| -r <kbytes> | 没<kbytes>时输出日志,默认值是16,需要和-f选项一起使用 | 
| -s | 设置过滤器 | 
| -v <format> | 设置输出格式的日志消息。默认是短暂的格式。支持的格式列表 | 
//将缓冲区的log打印到屏幕并退出
adb logcat -d
//清除缓冲区log(testCase运行前可以先清除一下)
adb logcat -c
//打印缓冲区大小并退出
adb logcat -g
//输出log
adb logcat -f /data/local/tmp/log.txt -n 10 -r 1 
                











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