---

一、准备工作

1.1 安装或关闭以下服务

关闭防火墙等
linux时间校对

1.2 本次安装环境

配置信息	说明
服务器IP地址	192.168.1.10
交换机IP地址	192.168.10.1
上网行为管理IP地址	192.168.20.1
系统版本	CentOS7.4
内核	ml-3.10.0
go版本	1.19.4

在本次安装前，先安装好prometheus+grafana。
prometheus+grafana安装文档

二、安装blackbox_exporter

2.1 下载并解压

wget -c  https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases/download/v0.23.0/blackbox_exporter-0.23.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xf blackbox_exporter-0.23.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

2.2配置

mv blackbox_exporter-0.23.0.linux-amd64 /home/blackbox_exporter   #修改文件名称
cd /home/blackbox_exporter/         
 ./blackbox_exporter    #启动snmp_exporter

2.3测试

访问测试http://192.168.1.10:9115/

三、配置blackbox_exporter

3.1配置blackbox.yml

 vim /home/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml
modules:
  http_2xx_ip4:
    prober: http
    timeout: 5s
    http:
      preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4"
  http_2xx:
    prober: http
  http_post_2xx:
    prober: http
    http:
      method: get
  tcp_connect:
    prober: tcp
  pop3s_banner:
    prober: tcp
    tcp:
      query_response:
      - expect: "^+OK"
      tls: true
      tls_config:
        insecure_skip_verify: false
  grpc:
    prober: grpc
    grpc:
      tls: true
      preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4"
  grpc_plain:
    prober: grpc
    grpc:
      tls: false
      service: "service1"
  ssh_banner:
    prober: tcp
    tcp:
      query_response:
"/home/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml" 54L, 1004C                                                                 1,1          顶端
modules:
  http_2xx_ip4:
    prober: http
    timeout: 5s
    http:
      preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4"
  http_2xx:
    prober: http
  http_post_2xx:
    prober: http
    http:
      method: get
  tcp_connect:
    prober: tcp
  pop3s_banner:
    prober: tcp
    tcp:
      query_response:
      - expect: "^+OK"
      tls: true
      tls_config:
        insecure_skip_verify: false
  grpc:
    prober: grpc
    grpc:
      tls: true
      preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4"
  grpc_plain:
    prober: grpc
    grpc:
      tls: false
      service: "service1"
  ssh_banner:
    prober: tcp
    tcp:
      query_response:
      - expect: "^SSH-2.0-"
      - send: "SSH-2.0-blackbox-ssh-check"
  irc_banner:
    prober: tcp
    tcp:
      query_response:
      - send: "NICK prober"
      - send: "USER prober prober prober :prober"
      - expect: "PING :([^ ]+)"
        send: "PONG ${1}"
      - expect: "^:[^ ]+ 001"
  icmp:
    prober: icmp
  icmp_ttl5:
    prober: icmp
    timeout: 5s
    icmp:
      ttl: 5

3.2 开启blackbox_exporter

./blackbox_exporter &  
curl 'localhost:9115/probe?target=baidu.com'   #开启后，可以测试下是否正常。返回probe_success 1则正常

3.3配置prometheus.yml

vim /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml 
   -  job_name: "http"
      metrics_path: /probe
      scrape_interval: 60s
      params:
         module: [http_2xx_ip4]
      static_configs:
        - targets:
          - https://www.baidu.com
          - https://google.com
      relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__address__]
          target_label: __param_target
        - source_labels: [__param_target]
          target_label: instance
        - target_label: __address__
          replacement: 192.168.1.10:9115

配置完毕后启动prometheus.yml，访问192.168.1.10:9090，选择status→targets查看

四、其他

4.1server returned HTTP status 400 Bad Request 报错

解决
prometheus.yml 中将replacement:127.0.0.1:9115修改成本机地址

4.2 google.com检测码返回probe_success 0

参考这篇文章添加以下配置
modules:
http_2xx_ip4:
prober: http
timeout: 5s
http:
preferred_ip_protocol: “ip4”