6-模板初步使用

news2025/11/4 16:47:00

官网:

中文版: 介绍-Jinja2中文文档

英文版: Template Designer Documentation — Jinja Documentation (2.11.x)

模板语法

1. 模板渲染

(1) app.py 准备数据

import json

from flask import Flask,render_template

import settings

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(settings)  # 加载配置文件


class Girl:  # 自定义类
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.gender = "女"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


@app.route("/show")
def show():
    name = "coco"  # str
    age = 18  # int
    firends = ["A", "B", "C"]  # list
    dict1 = {"gift": "包"}  # dict
    # 创建对象
    girlfriend = Girl("lili")  # 自定义的类构建的类型: Girl类型
    
    # 向模板传递数据
    return render_template("index.html", name=name, age=age, firends=firends, dict1=dict1, girl=girlfriend)




if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(port=8080)

(2) index.html 渲染数据

{{ name }}
{{ age }}
{{ firends.0  }}  {#{{ list.0 }} 同 {{ list[0] }}#}
{{ dict1.gift }}  {#{{ dict.key }} 同 {{dict.get(key) }}#}
{{ girl.name }}  {#{{ gril.name }} 同 {{ 对象.属性 }}#}

2. if 判断和 for 循环和 loop 内置变量

(1)app.py 准备数据

from flask import Flask,render_template

import settings

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(settings)  # 加载配置文件

@app.route("/show")
def show():
    girls = ["AA", "BBB", "CC"]
    dict1 = [
        {"name": "张三", "pwd": "123", "addr": "beijing", "phone": "13800000001"},
        {"name": "李四", "pwd": "123", "addr": "shanghai", "phone": "13800000002"},
        {"name": "王五", "pwd": "123", "addr": "guangzhou", "phone": "13800000003"},
    ]
    return render_template("show.html", grils=girls, users=dict1)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(port=8080)

(2) show.html渲染数据

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <style>
        .a {
            color: red;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
 
<ul>
{#循环列表渲染数据#}
    {% for gril in grils %}
        <li>{{ gril }}</li>
    {% endfor %}
</ul>
<hr>
 
 
<ul>
{#循环列表,根据条件增加样式#}
    {% for gril in grils %}
        {% if gril|length>=3 %}
            <li class="a">{{ gril }}</li>
        {% else %}
            <li>{{ gril }}</li>
        {% endif %}
    {% endfor %}
</ul>
<hr>
 
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="50%">
{#    循环字典 #}
    {% for user in users %}
        <tr>
            <td>{{ user.name }}</td>
            <td>{{ user.pwd }}</td>
            <td>{{ user.addr }}</td>
            <td>{{ user.phone }}</td>
        </tr>
    {% endfor %}
</table>
 
 
<hr>
 
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="50%">
{#    循环字典,根据条件增加样式 #}
    {% for user in users %}
        <tr {% if loop.index==2 %}style="background-color:aqua"{% endif %}>
            <td>{{ loop.index }}</td>
            <td>{{ user.name }}</td>
            <td>{{ user.pwd }}</td>
            <td>{{ user.addr }}</td>
            <td>{{ user.phone }}</td>
        </tr>
    {% endfor %}
 
</table>
</body>
</html>