HCIP
- HCIA
- 一、知识回顾
- 1、OSI七层参考模型：
- 2、重要的几个协议报头格式
- 二、静态实验
- 1、实验拓扑图
- 2、实验要求
- 3、实验思路
- 4、实验步骤
- 1、给接口划分IP地址以及配置环回地址
- 2、交换机配置划分VLAN
- 3、配置静态路由
- 4、配置DHCP服务
- 5、测试
- 6、优化
HCIA
1、七层参考模型及IP讲解
2、TCP三次握手讲解
3、TCP四次挥手讲解及抓包分析
4、DHCP协议讲解及抓包分析
5、静态综合实验讲解
7、静态路由讲解
8、RIP路由信息协议讲解
9、动态路由协议讲解
10、抓包进行分析RIP以及OSPF的包
11、动态路由OSPF配置综合实验讲解
12、Vlan虚拟局域网技术讲解
13、ACL访问控制列表讲解
14、NAT技术讲解
15、网络综合实验讲解
一、知识回顾
1、OSI七层参考模型：
物理层——定义电气电压接口规范光学特性
数据链路层
MAC媒介访问控制层LLC逻辑链路层（为上层提供FCS校验）
网络层——通过IP地址进行逻辑寻址，代表设备路由器。
物理层，数据链路层以及网络层能不能全网可达？可以全网可达。
传输层——通过端口号区分不同的服务，数据分段，确认重传排序流控（只针对于TCP）。
TCP面向连接的可靠传输协议
面向连接： 三次握手以及四次挥手（主要体现），
可靠： 确认，重传，排序以及流控。
常见的四层协议；TCP，UDP
常见的三层协议：IP，ICMP，ARPUDP非面向连接的不可靠传输协议
会话层——建立，维持，终止会话进程。
表示层——编码解码，加密解密
应用层——实现人机交互的界面
数据封装以及解封装
以太网一类帧二类帧封装——IP——TCP/UDP——data数据包——FCS校验（逻辑链路层提供）
数据分段的标准，MYU最大传输单元1500字节，MSS最大段长度，1480。（原因是报头长度为20字节）
TCP-IP协议栈与OSI模型对比：
- 相同点：
1、都是模型化层次
2、下层对上层提供服务支持
3、每层协议彼此相互独立 - 不同点：
1、TCP-IP协议栈：先有协议后有模型，只是使用于TCP-IP网络。
2、OSI七层参考模型：先有模型后有协议。
3、层数不同
滑动窗口就是流控，什么是滑动窗口？其实是吞吐量的问题。
2、重要的几个协议报头格式
IPV4数据包结构：
IPV4数据包格式：
- 版本（号）： 这4比特规定了数据报的IP协议版本。通过查看版本号，路由器能够确定如何解释IP数据报的剩余部分。不同的IP版本使用不同的数据报格式。
- 首部长度： 因为IPV4数据报可包含一些可变数量的选项（这些选项包括在IPV4数据报首部中），故需要用这4个比特来确定IP数据报中载荷（例如在这个数据报中被封装的运输层报文段）实际开始的地方。大多数IP数据报不包含选项，所以一般的IP数据报具有20字节的首部。
- 服务类型： 服务类型（TOS）比特包含在IPV4首部中，以便使不同类型的IP数据报能相互与别开来，例如，将实时数据报（如用于IP电话应用）与非实时流量（如FTP）区分开也许是有用的。提供特定等级的服务是一个由网络管理员为路由器确定和配置的策略问题。
- 数据报长度：
二、静态实验
1、实验拓扑图
2、实验要求
- 1.全网可达
- 2.拓扑中所需地址全部基于192.168.0.0/24划分所得
- 3.静态路由（不许使用其他动态）
- 4.R8环回需要汇总
3、实验思路
拓扑中所需地址基于192.168.0.0/24进行划分这里我们首先数图中需要多少个网段？
- 骨干链路——6个网段
- R1的环回上——1个网段
- 两个vlan——两个网段
所以，我们首先进行划分网段
192.168.0.0/24需要划分9个网段——也就向后借位，借4位
128-64-32-16-8-4-2-1
这里我们可以看到第四位为16：
那么，9个网段分别为：
192.168.0.0/28——R1环回
192.168.0.16/28——骨干链路网段
192.168.0.32/28
192.168.0.48/28
192.168.0.64/28
192.168.0.80/28
192.168.0.96/28
192.168.0.112/28——两个vlan
192.168。0.128/28
剩下的作为保留网段
而这里我们也需要对R1的环回进行划分，由实验要求的拓扑图可知，我们需要给它划分3个环回网段：
192.168.0.0/28划分为3个网段，我们需要向后借2位
也就成了：
192.168.0.0/30
192.168.0.64/30
192.168.0.128/30
同时剩下的作为保留网段
拓扑图如下：
4、实验步骤
1、给接口划分IP地址以及配置环回地址
R1 实现代码：
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R1
[R1]user
[R1]user-in
[R1]user-interface con
[R1]user-interface console 0
[R1-ui-console0]id
[R1-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0
[R1-ui-console0]quit
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.0.17 28
Jul 17 2023 15:58:00-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.0.97 28
Jul 17 2023 15:58:16-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R1]int l
[R1]int LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip ad
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.0.1 30
[R1-LoopBack0]int l 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip ad
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.0.65 30
[R1-LoopBack1]int l 2
[R1-LoopBack2]ip ad
[R1-LoopBack2]ip address 192.168.0.129 30
[R1-LoopBack2]quit
[R1]
查看结果：全up
[R1]display ip interface brief
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 6
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 6
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 1
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.0.17/28 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.0.97/28 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned down down
LoopBack0 192.168.0.1/30 up up(s)
LoopBack1 192.168.0.65/30 up up(s)
LoopBack2 192.168.0.129/30 up up(s)
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R1]
R2 实现代码：
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R2
[R2]use
[R2]user-bind
[R2]user-group
[R2]user-interface con
[R2]user-interface console 0
[R2-ui-console0]id
[R2-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0
[R2-ui-console0]quit
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.0.18 28
Jul 17 2023 16:08:37-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.0.33 28
Jul 17 2023 16:08:54-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R2]
查看结果：
[R2]dis
[R2]display ip int
[R2]display ip interface b
[R2]display ip interface brief
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 1
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.0.18/28 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.0.33/28 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned down down
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R2]
R3 实现代码：
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R3
[R3]USER
[R3]user-bind
[R3]user-group
[R3]user-interface CON
[R3]user-interface console 0
[R3-ui-console0]id
[R3-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0
[R3-ui-console0]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.0.34 28
Jul 17 2023 16:11:15-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.0.82 28
Jul 17 2023 16:11:34-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.0.49 28
Jul 17 2023 16:12:05-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g4/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip ad
[R3-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip address 192.168.0.65 28
[R3-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]
Jul 17 2023 16:12:31-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet4/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]quit
[R3]
查看结果：
[R3]dis
[R3]display ip in
[R3]display ip interface b
[R3]display ip interface brief
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 5
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 3
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 5
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 3
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.0.34/28 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.0.82/28 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 192.168.0.49/28 up up
GigabitEthernet4/0/0 192.168.0.65/28 up up
GigabitEthernet4/0/1 unassigned down down
GigabitEthernet4/0/2 unassigned down down
GigabitEthernet4/0/3 unassigned down down
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R3]
R4 实现代码：
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R4
[R4]us
[R4]user-bind
[R4]user-group
[R4]user-interface con
[R4]user-interface console 0
[R4-ui-console0]id
[R4-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0
[R4-ui-console0]quit
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.0.81 28
Jul 17 2023 16:24:09-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.0.98 28
Jul 17 2023 16:24:27-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2.1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]ip ad
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]ip address 192.168.0.113 28
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]int g0/0/2.2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]ip ad
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]ip address 192.168.0.129 28
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]quit
[R4]
查看结果：
[R4]dis
[R4]display ip in
[R4]display ip interface b
[R4]display ip interface brief
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 6
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 0
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 3
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.0.81/28 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.0.98/28 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned up down
GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1 192.168.0.113/28 up down
GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2 192.168.0.129/28 up down
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R4]
R5 实现代码：
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R5
[R5]user
[R5]user-bind
[R5]user-group
[R5]user-interface con
[R5]user-interface console 0
[R5-ui-console0]i
[R5-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0
[R5-ui-console0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.0.66 28
Jul 17 2023 16:27:58-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.0.50 28
Jul 17 2023 16:28:22-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 100.1.1.2 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Jul 17 2023 16:28:39-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[R5]
查看结果：
[R5]dis
[R5]display ip in
[R5]display ip interface b
[R5]display ip interface brief
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 0
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 0
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.0.50/28 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.0.66/28 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 100.1.1.2/24 up up
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R5]
R6 实现代码：
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R6
[R6]user
[R6]user-bind
[R6]user-group
[R6]user-interface
[R6]user-interface con
[R6]user-interface console 0
[R6-ui-console0]i
[R6-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0
[R6-ui-console0]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 100.1.1.1 24
Jul 17 2023 16:30:48-08:00 R6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R6]dis
查看结果：
[R6]dis
[R6]display ip in
[R6]display ip interface b
[R6]display ip interface brief
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 2
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 2
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 2
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 2
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 100.1.1.1/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 unassigned down down
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned down down
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[R6]
2、交换机配置划分VLAN
SW1 实现代码：
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys SW
[Huawei]sys SW1
[SW1]vlan b
[SW1]vlan batch 2 3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW1]int g0
Jul 17 2023 16:35:23-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095./0/1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port l
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-t
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type a
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port de
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0
Jul 17 2023 16:35:43-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095./2
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port l
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-t
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type a
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port de
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 3
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Jul 17 2023 16:36:03-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 9, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port l
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-t
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type t
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port t
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk a
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit
[SW1]
输出结果：
[SW1]dis
[SW1]display vlan
[SW1]display vlan
The total number of vlans is : 3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U: Up; D: Down; TG: Tagged; UT: Untagged;
MP: Vlan-mapping; ST: Vlan-stacking;
#: ProtocolTransparent-vlan; *: Management-vlan;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VID Type Ports
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 common UT:GE0/0/3(U) GE0/0/4(U) GE0/0/5(D) GE0/0/6(D)
GE0/0/7(D) GE0/0/8(D) GE0/0/9(D) GE0/0/10(D)
GE0/0/11(D) GE0/0/12(D) GE0/0/13(D) GE0/0/14(D)
GE0/0/15(D) GE0/0/16(D) GE0/0/17(D) GE0/0/18(D)
GE0/0/19(D) GE0/0/20(D) GE0/0/21(D) GE0/0/22(D)
GE0/0/23(D) GE0/0/24(D)
2 common UT:GE0/0/1(U)
TG:GE0/0/3(U)
3 common UT:GE0/0/2(U)
TG:GE0/0/3(U)
VID Status Property MAC-LRN Statistics Description
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 enable default enable disable VLAN 0001
2 enable default enable disable VLAN 0002
3 enable default enable disable VLAN 0003
[SW1]
SW2 实现代码：
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys SW2
[SW2]int g0/0/
Jul 17 2023 16:38:55-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.1
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[SW2]vlan b
[SW2]vlan batch 2 3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW2]int g0/0/1
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port l
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-
Jul 17 2023 16:39:15-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.t
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type t
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port t
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk a
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
Jul 17 2023 16:39:25-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port l
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-t
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type a
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
Jul 17 2023 16:39:35-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port de
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0
Jul 17 2023 16:39:45-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 9, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095./2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port l
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-t
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type a
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]portsw
Jul 17 2023 16:39:55-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 10, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 40
Error: The interface is already a L2 interface.
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port de
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default v
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 3
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit
[SW2]
查看结果：
[SW2]dis
[SW2]display vlan
The total number of vlans is : 3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U: Up; D: Down; TG: Tagged; UT: Untagged;
MP: Vlan-mapping; ST: Vlan-stacking;
#: ProtocolTransparent-vlan; *: Management-vlan;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VID Type Ports
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 common UT:GE0/0/1(U) GE0/0/4(D) GE0/0/5(D) GE0/0/6(D)
GE0/0/7(D) GE0/0/8(D) GE0/0/9(D) GE0/0/10(D)
GE0/0/11(D) GE0/0/12(D) GE0/0/13(D) GE0/0/14(D)
GE0/0/15(D) GE0/0/16(D) GE0/0/17(D) GE0/0/18(D)
GE0/0/19(D) GE0/0/20(D) GE0/0/21(D) GE0/0/22(D)
GE0/0/23(D) GE0/0/24(D)
2 common UT:GE0/0/2(U)
TG:GE0/0/1(U)
3 common UT:GE0/0/3(U)
TG:GE0/0/1(U)
VID Status Property MAC-LRN Statistics Description
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 enable default enable disable VLAN 0001
2 enable default enable disable VLAN 0002
3 enable default enable disable VLAN 0003
[SW2]
3、配置静态路由
R1 实现代码：
[R1]ip ro
[R1]ip route
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.0.32 28 192.168.0.18
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.0.64 28 192.168.0.18
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.0.48 28 192.168.0.18
[R1]ip route-static 100.1.1.0 24 192.168.0.18
[R1]ip route-static 100.1.1.0 24 192.168.0.98
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.0.48 28 192.168.0.98
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.0.64 28 192.168.0.98
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.0.80 28 192.168.0.98
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.0.112 28 192.168.0.98
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.0.128 28 192.168.0.98
[R1]
R2 实现代码：
[R2]ip ro
[R2]ip route
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 28 192.168.0.17
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.0.96 28 192.168.0.17
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.0.112 28 192.168.0.17
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.0.128 28 192.168.0.17
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.0.128 28 192.168.0.34
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.0.112 28 192.168.0.34
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.0.80 28 192.168.0.34
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.0.64 28 192.168.0.34
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.0.48 28 192.168.0.34
[R2]ip route-static 100.1.1.0 24 192.168.0.34
[R2]
R3 实现代码：
[R3]ip ro
[R3]ip route
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.0.16 28 192.168.0.33
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 28 192.168.0.33
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 28 192.168.0.81
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.0.96 28 192.168.0.81
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.0.112 28 192.168.0.81
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.0.128 28 192.168.0.81
[R3]ip route-static 100.1.1.0 24 192.168.0.66
[R3]ip route-static 100.1.1.0 24 192.168.0.50
[R3]
R4实现代码：
[R4]ip ro
[R4]ip route
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 28 192.168.0.97
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.0.16 28 192.168.0.97
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.0.32 28 192.168.0.82
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.0.64 28 192.168.0.82
[R4]ip route-static 100.1.1.0 24 192.168.0.82
[R4]
R5 实现代码：
[R5]ip ro
[R5]ip route
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.32 28 192.168.0.65
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.32 28 192.168.0.49
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.80 28 192.168.0.49
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.80 28 192.168.0.65
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.16 28 192.168.0.65
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.16 28 192.168.0.49
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.96 28 192.168.0.49
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.96 28 192.168.0.65
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 28 192.168.0.65
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 28 192.168.0.49
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.112 28 192.168.0.49
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.112 28 192.168.0.65
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.128 28 192.168.0.65
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.0.128 28 192.168.0.49
[R5]
R6实现代码：
[R6]ip ro
[R6]ip route
[R6]ip route-static 192.168.0.64 28 100.1.1.2
[R6]ip route-static 192.168.0.48 28 100.1.1.2
[R6]ip route-static 192.168.0.32 28 100.1.1.2
[R6]ip route-static 192.168.0.80 28 100.1.1.2
[R6]ip route-static 192.168.0.96 28 100.1.1.2
[R6]ip route-static 192.168.0.16 28 100.1.1.2
[R6]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 28 100.1.1.2
[R6]ip route-static 192.168.0.112 28 100.1.1.2
[R6]ip route-static 192.168.0.128 28 100.1.1.2
[R6]
查看结果：
R1路由表：
[R1]dis
[R1]display ip ro
[R1]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 26 Routes : 29
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
100.1.1.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.18 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.98 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.0.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.0.16/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.17 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.17/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.31/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.32/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.18 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.48/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.18 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.98 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.64/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.18 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.98 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.64/30 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.65 LoopBack1
192.168.0.65/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
192.168.0.67/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
192.168.0.80/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.98 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.96/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.97 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.97/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.111/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.112/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.98 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.128/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.98 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.128/30 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.129 LoopBack2
192.168.0.129/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
192.168.0.131/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R1]
R2路由表：
[R2]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 18 Routes : 20
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
100.1.1.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.34 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.0.0/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.17 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.16/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.18 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.18/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.31/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.32/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.33 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.33/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.47/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.48/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.34 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.64/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.34 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.80/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.34 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.96/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.17 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.112/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.17 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.34 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.128/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.17 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.34 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R2]
R3路由表：
[R3]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 22 Routes : 24
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
100.1.1.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.66 GigabitEthernet 4/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.50 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.0.0/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.33 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.81 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.16/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.33 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.32/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.34 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.34/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.47/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.48/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.49 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
192.168.0.49/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
192.168.0.63/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
192.168.0.64/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.65 GigabitEthernet 4/0/0
192.168.0.65/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 4/0/0
192.168.0.79/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 4/0/0
192.168.0.80/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.82 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.82/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.95/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.96/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.81 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.112/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.81 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.128/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.81 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R3]
R4路由表：
[R4]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 16 Routes : 16
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
100.1.1.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.82 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.0.0/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.97 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.16/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.97 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.32/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.82 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.48/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.82 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.64/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.82 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.80/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.81 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.81/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.95/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.96/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.98 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.98/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.111/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R4]
R5路由表：
[R5]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 20 Routes : 27
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
100.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 100.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
100.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
100.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.0.0/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.65 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.49 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.16/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.65 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.49 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.32/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.65 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.49 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.48/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.50 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.50/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.63/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.64/28 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.0.66 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.66/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.79/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.80/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.49 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.65 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.96/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.49 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.65 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.112/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.49 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.65 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
192.168.0.128/28 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.65 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
Static 60 0 RD 192.168.0.49 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R5]
R6路由表：
[R6]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 16 Routes : 16
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
100.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 100.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
100.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
100.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.0.0/28 Static 60 0 RD 100.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.16/28 Static 60 0 RD 100.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.32/28 Static 60 0 RD 100.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.48/28 Static 60 0 RD 100.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.64/28 Static 60 0 RD 100.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.80/28 Static 60 0 RD 100.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.96/28 Static 60 0 RD 100.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.112/28 Static 60 0 RD 100.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
192.168.0.128/28 Static 60 0 RD 100.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R6]
其实这里已经可以检测上面路由器之间是否通没通，用R1去pingR6：
[R1]ping 100.1.1.1
PING 100.1.1.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Request time out
Reply from 100.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=252 time=80 ms
Reply from 100.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=252 time=40 ms
Reply from 100.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=252 time=30 ms
Reply from 100.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=252 time=40 ms
--- 100.1.1.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 30/47/80 ms
[R1]
4、配置DHCP服务
R4实现代码：
[R4]dh
[R4]dhcp en
[R4]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[R4]ip p
[R4]ip policy-based-route
[R4]ip pool 1
#Info: It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[R4-ip-pool-1]net
[R4-ip-pool-1]netbios-type
[R4-ip-pool-1]network 192.168.0.112 m
[R4-ip-pool-1]network 192.168.0.112 mask 28
[R4-ip-pool-1]g
[R4-ip-pool-1]gateway-list 192.168.0.113
[R4-ip-pool-1]dn
[R4-ip-pool-1]dns-list 8.8.8.8
[R4-ip-pool-1]quit
[R4]ip p
[R4]ip policy-based-route
[R4]ip pool 2
Info: It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[R4-ip-pool-2]n
[R4-ip-pool-2]nbns-list
[R4-ip-pool-2]netbios-type
[R4-ip-pool-2]network 192.168.0.128 m
[R4-ip-pool-2]network 192.168.0.128 mask 28
[R4-ip-pool-2]g
[R4-ip-pool-2]gateway-list 192.168.0.129
[R4-ip-pool-2]dn
[R4-ip-pool-2]dns-list 8.8.8.8
[R4-ip-pool-2]quit
[R4]int g0/0/2.1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]dh
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]dhcp s
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]dhcp select g
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]dhcp select global
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]int g0/0/2.2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]dhcp select global
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]quit
[R4]int g0/0/2.1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]do
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]dot1q t
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]dot1q termination v
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]dot1q termination vid 2
Jul 17 2023 17:47:36-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]int g0/0/2.2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]do
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]dot1q t
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]dot1q termination v
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]dot1q termination vid 3
Jul 17 2023 17:48:04-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]quit
[R4]int g0/0/2.1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]arp t
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]arp b
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]arp broadcast en
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]arp broadcast enable
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.1]int g0/0/2.2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]arp b
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]arp broadcast en
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]arp broadcast enable
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2.2]quit
[R4]
5、测试
6、优化
1、配置缺省路由
R1实现代码：
[R1]ip ro
[R1]ip route
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.0.18
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.0.98
[R1]
R2实现代码：
[R2]ip ro
[R2]ip route
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.0.34
[R2]
R3实现代码：
[R3]ip ro
[R3]ip route
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.0.66
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.0.50
[R3]
R4实现代码：
[R4]ip ro
[R4]ip route
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.0.82
[R4]
R5实现代码：
[R5]
[R5]ip ro
[R5]ip route
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 100.1.1.1
[R5]
2、配置空接口防环
R1实现代码：
[R1]ip ro
[R1]ip route
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 28 NU
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 28 NULL 0
[R1]
