R语言 tidyverse系列学习笔记（系列3）具体任务的处理（成绩单为例）

news2025/10/31 7:06:47

score成绩单

install.packages("dplyr")
library(dplyr)

install.packages("tibble")
library(tibble)

install.packages("stringr")
library(stringr)

score = tibble(ID=c("1222-1","2001-0","3321-1","4898-0","2782-0","1002-8","4211-0","1023-1","3325-1"),
          gender=c("female","male","male","male","female","female","male","female","male") ,
          chinese_mid_score=round(runif(9,80,90),digits = 0),
          chinese_final_score=round(runif(9,80,90),digits = 0),
          english_score=c(round(runif(8,80,90),digits = 0),NA),
          match_score=round(runif(9,80,90),digits = 0),
          musci_score=round(runif(9,80,90),digits = 0)
               )

view(score)

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`rowSums`

注意 S 是大写的

计算每个学生的总分

score_sum = score |> 
  mutate(total_score = rowSums(select(score, contains("_score")), na.rm = TRUE))
view(score_sum)

rowSums，select 以及 contains结合，可以灵活处理较复杂数据

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如果数据量特别大且列名的命名没有规律该怎么办呢？

contain这种情况下不好用了，用across

score_across = score |> 
  mutate(total_score = rowSums(across(where(is.numeric)),na.rm=TRUE))

view(score_across)

任务：这次考试总体难度偏难，为了鼓励学生，给每门分数都除以0.95

score_change = score |> 
  mutate(across(.cols=where(is.numeric), .fns = ~.x/0.95, .names = "curve_{col}"))

view(score_change)

注意across函数里命名规则，前边都需要加 dot .
其中.fnsfunctions函数后边有个~，表示自定义的 function，
.names命名时记得加""，{col}表示每列的名字
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设置成绩>=80 为 pass，低于80为 fail

score_pass = score |> 
  mutate(across(.cols=where(is.numeric), .fns = ~if_else(.x>80,"pass","fail"), .names = "pass_{col}"))

view(score_pass)

通过在.fns中加入条件判断即可
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最后一个综合任务

只考虑数学成绩，先将每个学生的成绩除以0.95，再判断修改后的成绩是否＞85分，且新的列用curve_col及pass_col命名

score_match = score |> 
  mutate(across(.cols = match_score, 
                .fns =  ~ .x/0.95 , 
                .names = "curve_{col}"
                )
         ) |> 
  mutate(pass_match_score = if_else(curve_match_score>=85,"pass","fail")) |> 
  select(contains("match"))

view(score_match)

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以上代码看着些许累赘，我们只考虑原来的成绩决定 pass or fail 就会简单许多

score_match = score |> 
  mutate(across(.cols = match_score, 
                .fns =  c(curve = ~ .x/0.95 , pass = ~if_else(.>=85,"pass","fail")), 
                .names = "{fn}_{col}"
  )
  ) |> 
  select(contains("match"))

view(score_match)

其中，.fns = c(curve = , pass = ）表示两个function的名字
.names=“{fn}_{col}”，{fn}表示.fns里新加的两个名字
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计算各科平均分、方差、百分数：5%，80%

score_summary = score |> 
  summarise(across(.cols = where(is.numeric), 
                   .fns = c(
                     mean = ~mean(.x , na.rm = TRUE),
                     var = ~var(.x , na.rm = TRUE),
                     q5 = ~quantile(.x , 0.05, na.rm = TRUE),
                     q80 = ~quantile(.x , 0.8, na.rm = TRUE)
                   ), 
                   .names = "{fn}_{col}"))
view(score_summary)