运行效果(音频)

简介
上一个教程演示了GStreamer工具。本教程介绍视频播放控制。快进、反向播放和慢动作都是技术 统称为 Trick Modes,它们都有一个共同点 修改 Normal playback rate。本教程介绍如何实现 这些效果并在交易中添加了帧步进。特别是,它 显示:
• 如何更改播放速率,比正常更快和更慢, 前进和向后。
• 如何逐帧推进视频
快进是一种以高于 它的正常(预期)速度;而慢动作使用低于 预期的那个。反向播放执行相同的作,但向后播放, 从流的结尾到开头。所有这些技术所做的只是更改播放速率,这是一个变量 等于 1.0 表示正常播放,大于 1.0(绝对值) 对于快速模式,对于慢速模式,低于 1.0(绝对值), positive 表示正向播放,negative 表示反向播放。GStreamer 提供了两种机制来更改播放速率:步进 事件 (Events) 和查找事件 (Seek Events)。Step Events 允许跳过给定数量的 媒体,除了更改后续播放速率(仅为正数 值)。此外,Seek Events 还允许跳转到 流式传输并设置正播放速率和负播放速率。
GStreamer相关运行库
INCLUDEPATH += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/include/gstreamer-1.0/gst
INCLUDEPATH += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/include
INCLUDEPATH += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/include/gstreamer-1.0
INCLUDEPATH += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/include/glib-2.0
INCLUDEPATH += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/lib/glib-2.0/include
LIBS += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/lib/gstreamer-1.0.lib
LIBS += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/lib/glib-2.0.lib
LIBS += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/lib/gobject-2.0.lib
完整源码
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <gst/gst.h>
#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <TargetConditionals.h>
#endif
typedef struct _CustomData
{
    GstElement *pipeline;
    GstElement *video_sink;
    GMainLoop *loop;
    gboolean playing;             /* 播放或暂停 */
    gdouble rate;                 /* 当前播放速率(可以为负) */
} CustomData;
/* Send seek event to change rate */
static void
send_seek_event (CustomData * data)
{
    gint64 position;
    GstEvent *seek_event;
    /* Obtain the current position, needed for the seek event */
    if (!gst_element_query_position (data->pipeline, GST_FORMAT_TIME, &position)) {
        g_printerr ("Unable to retrieve current position.\n");
        return;
    }
    /* Create the seek event */
    if (data->rate > 0) {
        seek_event =
                gst_event_new_seek (data->rate, GST_FORMAT_TIME,
                                    (GstSeekFlags)(GST_SEEK_FLAG_FLUSH | GST_SEEK_FLAG_ACCURATE), GST_SEEK_TYPE_SET,
                                    position, GST_SEEK_TYPE_END, 0);
    } else {
        seek_event =
                gst_event_new_seek (data->rate, GST_FORMAT_TIME,
                                    GstSeekFlags(GST_SEEK_FLAG_FLUSH | GST_SEEK_FLAG_ACCURATE), GST_SEEK_TYPE_SET, 0,
                                    GST_SEEK_TYPE_SET, position);
    }
    if (data->video_sink == NULL) {
        /* If we have not done so, obtain the sink through which we will send the seek events */
        g_object_get (data->pipeline, "video-sink", &data->video_sink, NULL);
    }
    /* Send the event */
    gst_element_send_event (data->video_sink, seek_event);
    g_print ("Current rate: %g\n", data->rate);
}
/* 处理键盘输入 */
static gboolean
handle_keyboard (GIOChannel * source, GIOCondition cond, CustomData * data)
{
    gchar *str = NULL;
    if (g_io_channel_read_line (source, &str, NULL, NULL, NULL) != G_IO_STATUS_NORMAL) { return TRUE; }
    switch (g_ascii_tolower (str[0]))
    {
    case 'p':
        data->playing = !data->playing;
        gst_element_set_state (data->pipeline, data->playing ? GST_STATE_PLAYING : GST_STATE_PAUSED);
        g_print ("Setting state to %s\n", data->playing ? "PLAYING" : "PAUSE"); break;
    case 's':
        if (g_ascii_isupper (str[0]))
        {
            data->rate *= 2.0;
        }
        else
        {
            data->rate /= 2.0;
        }
        send_seek_event (data); break;
    case 'd':
        data->rate *= -1.0; send_seek_event (data);  break;
    case 'n':
        if (data->video_sink == NULL)
        {
            /* If we have not done so, obtain the sink through which we will send the step events */
            g_object_get (data->pipeline, "video-sink", &data->video_sink, NULL);
        }
        gst_element_send_event (data->video_sink,gst_event_new_step (GST_FORMAT_BUFFERS, 1, ABS (data->rate), TRUE,FALSE));
        g_print ("Stepping one frame\n");
        break;
    case 'q':
        g_main_loop_quit (data->loop);
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
    g_free (str);
    return TRUE;
}
int tutorial_main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
    /* 初始化GStreamer */
    gst_init (&argc, &argv);
    /* 初始化自定义数据 */
    CustomData data;
    memset (&data, 0, sizeof (data));
    /* 输出使用方式 */
    g_print ("USAGE: Choose one of the following options, then press enter:\n"
             " 'P' to toggle between PAUSE and PLAY\n"
             " 'S' to increase playback speed, 's' to decrease playback speed\n"
             " 'D' to toggle playback direction\n"
             " 'N' to move to next frame (in the current direction, better in PAUSE)\n"
             " 'Q' to quit\n");
    /* 构建管道 */
    data.pipeline =
            gst_parse_launch
            ("playbin uri=https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/data/media/sintel_trailer-480p.webm", NULL);
    /* 增加键盘输入以进行控制 */
#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
    GIOChannel *io_stdin = g_io_channel_win32_new_fd (fileno (stdin));
#else
    GIOChannel *io_stdin = g_io_channel_unix_new (fileno (stdin));
#endif
    g_io_add_watch (io_stdin, G_IO_IN, (GIOFunc) handle_keyboard, &data);
    /* 开始播放 */
    GstStateChangeReturn ret = gst_element_set_state (data.pipeline, GST_STATE_PLAYING);
    if (ret == GST_STATE_CHANGE_FAILURE)
    {
        g_printerr ("Unable to set the pipeline to the playing state.\n");
        gst_object_unref (data.pipeline); return -1;
    }
    data.playing = TRUE;
    data.rate = 1.0;
    /* 创建GLib主循环并将其设置为运行 */
    data.loop = g_main_loop_new (NULL, FALSE);
    g_main_loop_run (data.loop);
    /* 释放资源 */
    g_main_loop_unref (data.loop);
    g_io_channel_unref (io_stdin);
    gst_element_set_state (data.pipeline, GST_STATE_NULL);
    if (data.video_sink != NULL)
        gst_object_unref (data.video_sink);
    gst_object_unref (data.pipeline);
    return 0;
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
#if defined(__APPLE__) && TARGET_OS_MAC && !TARGET_OS_IPHONE
    return gst_macos_main ((GstMainFunc) tutorial_main, argc, argv, NULL);
#else
    return tutorial_main (argc, argv);
#endif
}
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笔者 - jxd









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