运行效果(音频)

简介
上一个教程演示了GStreamer 概念。本教程中的管在它设置为 playing 状态之前完全构建。这没关系。如果 我们没有采取进一步的行动,数据会到达 pipeline 的 pipeline 和 pipeline 将生成错误消息并停止。但 我们将采取进一步的行动…,它允许“动态”构建管道,如 信息变得可用,而不是拥有整体式管道 在应用程序开始时定义。您将掌握开始播放教程所需的知识。审查的要点 这将是:
• 如何在链接元素时实现更精细的控制。
• 如何收到有趣事件的通知,以便您及时做出反应。
• 元素可以处于的各种状态。
GStreamer相关运行库
INCLUDEPATH += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/include/gstreamer-1.0/gst
INCLUDEPATH += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/include
INCLUDEPATH += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/include/gstreamer-1.0
INCLUDEPATH += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/include/glib-2.0
INCLUDEPATH += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/lib/glib-2.0/include
LIBS += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/lib/gstreamer-1.0.lib
LIBS += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/lib/glib-2.0.lib
LIBS += D:/Software/GStreamer/1.0/mingw_x86_64/lib/gobject-2.0.lib
完整源码
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QDebug>
#include "gst.h"
/* 结构包含我们所有的信息,这样我们就可以将其传递给回调函数 */
typedef struct _CustomData
{
    GstElement *pipeline;
    GstElement *source;
    GstElement *convert;
    GstElement *resample;
    GstElement *sink;
} CustomData;
/* 附加信号处理器 */
static void pad_added_handler (GstElement *src, GstPad *pad, CustomData *data);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    /* 初始化GStreamer */
    gst_init (&argc, &argv);
    /* 创建元素 */
    CustomData data;
    data.source = gst_element_factory_make ("uridecodebin", "source");
    data.convert = gst_element_factory_make ("audioconvert", "convert");
    data.resample = gst_element_factory_make ("audioresample", "resample");
    data.sink = gst_element_factory_make ("autoaudiosink", "sink");
    /* 创建空管道 */
    data.pipeline = gst_pipeline_new ("test-pipeline");
    if (!data.pipeline || !data.source || !data.convert || !data.resample || !data.sink) { g_printerr ("Not all elements could be created.\n"); return -1; }
    /* 建造管道 */
    gst_bin_add_many (GST_BIN (data.pipeline), data.source, data.convert, data.resample, data.sink, NULL);
    if (!gst_element_link_many (data.convert, data.resample, data.sink, NULL))
    {
        g_printerr ("Elements could not be linked.\n");
        gst_object_unref (data.pipeline); return -1;
    }
    /* 设置播放的URI(需带有音频) */
    //g_object_set (data.source, "uri", "https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/data/media/sintel_trailer-480p.webm", NULL);
    g_object_set (data.source, "uri", "rtsp://192.168.1.200", NULL);
    /* 连接到pad-add信号 */
    g_signal_connect (data.source, "pad-added", G_CALLBACK (pad_added_handler), &data);
    /* 开始播放 */
    GstStateChangeReturn ret = gst_element_set_state (data.pipeline, GST_STATE_PLAYING);
    if (ret == GST_STATE_CHANGE_FAILURE)
    {
        g_printerr ("Unable to set the pipeline to the playing state.\n");
        gst_object_unref (data.pipeline); return -1;
    }
    GstMessage *msg;
    gboolean terminate = FALSE;
    /* 从bus监听消息 */
    GstBus *bus = gst_element_get_bus (data.pipeline);
    do {
        // 从bus总线中获取下一个满足特定条件的消息
        msg = gst_bus_timed_pop_filtered (bus, GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE, (GstMessageType)(GST_MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGED | GST_MESSAGE_ERROR | GST_MESSAGE_EOS));
        /* 解析消息 */
        if (msg != NULL)
        {
            GError *err;
            gchar *debug_info;
            switch (GST_MESSAGE_TYPE (msg))
            {
            case GST_MESSAGE_ERROR:
                gst_message_parse_error (msg, &err, &debug_info);
                g_printerr ("Error received from element %s: %s\n", GST_OBJECT_NAME (msg->src), err->message);
                g_printerr ("Debugging information: %s\n", debug_info ? debug_info : "none");
                g_clear_error (&err);
                g_free (debug_info);
                terminate = TRUE;
                break;
            case GST_MESSAGE_EOS:
                g_print ("End-Of-Stream reached.\n");
                terminate = TRUE;
                break;
            case GST_MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGED:
                /* 我们只对管道中的状态更改消息感兴趣 */
                if (GST_MESSAGE_SRC (msg) == GST_OBJECT (data.pipeline))
                {
                    GstState old_state, new_state, pending_state;
                    gst_message_parse_state_changed (msg, &old_state, &new_state, &pending_state);
                    g_print ("Pipeline state changed from %s to %s:\n", gst_element_state_get_name (old_state), gst_element_state_get_name (new_state));
                }
                break;
            default:
                /* 我们不应该来这里 */
                g_printerr ("Unexpected message received.\n");
                break;
            }
            gst_message_unref (msg);
        }
    } while (!terminate);
    /* Free resources */
    gst_object_unref (bus);
    gst_element_set_state (data.pipeline, GST_STATE_NULL);
    gst_object_unref (data.pipeline);
    return 0;
}
/* 此函数将由添加了hanle的信号调用 */
/*
	当source element最后获得足够的数据时,它就会自动生成source pad,并且触令“pad-added”信号。这样回调就会被调用了;
	
	static void pad_added handler (GstElement *src, GstPad *new_pad, CustomData *data)说明: 
		src是触发这个信号的GstElement。在这个例子中就是uridecodebin,也是我们唯一注册的信号。
		new_pad是加到src上的pad。通常来说,是我们需要连接的pad。
		data指针是跟随信号一起过来的参数,在这个例子中传递的是CustomData指针。
*/
static void pad_added_handler (GstElement *src, GstPad *new_pad, CustomData *data)
{
    GstPad *sink_pad = gst_element_get_static_pad (data->convert, "sink");
    g_print ("Received new pad '%s' from '%s':", GST_PAD_NAME (new_pad), GST_ELEMENT_NAME (src));
    /* 如果我们的转换器已经链接,我们在这里什么也不用做 */
    if (gst_pad_is_linked (sink_pad)) { g_print ("We are already linked. Ignoring.\n"); goto exit; }
    /* 检查新pad的类型 */
    GstCaps *new_pad_caps = gst_pad_get_current_caps (new_pad);
    GstStructure *new_pad_struct = gst_caps_get_structure (new_pad_caps, 0);
    const gchar *new_pad_type = gst_structure_get_name (new_pad_struct);
    if (!g_str_has_prefix (new_pad_type, "audio/x-raw")) {  g_print ("It has type '%s' which is not raw audio. Ignoring.\n", new_pad_type); goto exit;  }
    /* 尝试链接 */
    GstPadLinkReturn ret = gst_pad_link (new_pad, sink_pad);
    if (GST_PAD_LINK_FAILED (ret))
    {
        g_print ("Type is '%s' but link failed.\n", new_pad_type);
    }
    else
    {
        g_print ("Link succeeded (type '%s').\n", new_pad_type);
    }
exit:
    /* 如果我们有新pad的caps,请不要参考 */
    if (new_pad_caps != NULL){gst_caps_unref (new_pad_caps);}
    /* 减小引用计数sink_pad */
    gst_object_unref (sink_pad);
}
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笔者 - jxd



















