Python 是一种广泛使用的高级编程语言,以其简洁的语法和丰富的库支持而受到开发者们的喜爱。以下列出了 27 个实用的 Python 实例,涵盖从基础到进阶的不同领域,帮助你提升编程技能。
1. 打印 "Hello, World!"
print("Hello, World!")2. 计算两个数的和
num1 = 10  
num2 = 20  
sum = num1 + num2  
print("Sum:", sum)3. 斐波那契数列的前 N 项
def fibonacci(n):  
    a, b = 0, 1  
    series = []  
    for i in range(n):  
        series.append(a)  
        a, b = b, a + b  
    return series  
  
print(fibonacci(10))4. 找出列表中的最大和最小值
numbers = [10, 3, 5, 7, 9, 1]  
print("Max:", max(numbers))  
print("Min:", min(numbers))5. 列表去重
numbers = [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5]  
unique_numbers = list(set(numbers))  
print(unique_numbers)6. 列表排序
numbers = [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9]  
numbers.sort()  
print(numbers)7. 反转列表
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]  
numbers.reverse()  
print(numbers)8. 字典操作:添加、删除和查找
person = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30}  
person['city'] = 'New York'  # 添加  
print(person)  
  
del person['age']  # 删除  
print(person)  
  
print(person.get('name', 'Unknown'))  # 查找9. 列表推导式
squares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]  
print(squares)10. 读取和写入文件
# 写入  
with open('example.txt', 'w') as file:  
    file.write("Hello, Python!\n")  
  
# 读取  
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:  
    content = file.read()  
    print(content)11. 使用函数计算阶乘
def factorial(n):  
    if n == 0:  
        return 1  
    else:  
        return n * factorial(n-1)  
  
print(factorial(5))12. 字符串格式化
name = "John"  
age = 30  
print(f"My name is {name} and I am {age} years old.")13. 列表中的元素出现次数
from collections import Counter  
words = ['apple', 'banana', 'apple', 'orange', 'banana', 'grape']  
print(Counter(words))14. 列表切片
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]  
print(numbers[2:5])  # 切片操作15. 遍历字典
person = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}  
for key, value in person.items():  
    print(key, value)16. 使用 enumerate 遍历列表
 
fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']  
for index, fruit in enumerate(fruits):  
    print(index, fruit)17. 列表生成器
def gen_squares(n):  
    for i in range(n):  
        yield i**2  
  
for square in gen_squares(5):  
    print(square)18. 使用 map 函数
 
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]  
squared = list(map(lambda x: x**2, numbers))  
print(squared)19. 使用 filter 函数
 
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]  
even_numbers = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, numbers))  
print(even_numbers)20. 递归打印目录结构
import os  
  
def print_directory_contents(sPath):  
    for sChild in os.listdir(sPath):  
        sChildPath = os.path.join(sPath,sChild)  
        if os.path.isdir(sChildPath):  
            print_directory_contents(sChildPath)  
        else:  
            print(sChildPath)  
  
print_directory_contents('.')21. 使用 re 模块进行正则表达式匹配
 
import re  
  
text = "The rain in Spain falls mainly in the plain."  
match = re.search(r"(\b\w+ain\b)", text)  
if match:  
    print("Found", match.group())22. 网络请求(使用 requests 库)
 
import requests  
  
response = requests.get('https://api.github.com/users/github')  
print(response.json())23. 发送邮件(使用 smtplib)
 
import smtplib  
from email.mime.text import MIMEText  
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart  
  
msg = MIMEMultipart()  
msg['From'] = "your-email@example.com"  
msg['To'] = "recipient-email@example.com"  
msg['Subject'] = "Hello Email"  
  
msg.attach(MIMEText("This is the body of the email", 'plain'))  
  
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.example.com', 587)  
server.starttls()  
server.login("your-email@example.com", "yourpassword")  
text = msg.as_string()  
server.sendmail("your-email@example.com", ["recipient-email@example.com"], text)  
server.quit()24. 使用 pandas 处理数据
 
import pandas as pd  
  
data = {'Name': ['Tom', 'Jane', 'Steve', 'Ricky'],  
        'Age': [28, 34, 29, 42]}  
df = pd.DataFrame(data)  
print(df)25. 简单的 Web 服务器(使用 http.server)
 
# 在命令行中运行:python -m http.server 8000
26. 加密和解密数据(使用 cryptography 库)
 
from cryptography.fernet import Fernet  
  
key = Fernet.generate_key()  
cipher_suite = Fernet(key)  
cipher_text = cipher_suite.encrypt(b"A really secret message. Not for prying eyes.")  
print(cipher_text)  
plain_text = cipher_suite.decrypt(cipher_text)  
print(plain_text) 27. 使用 matplotlib 绘图
 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  
  
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]  
y = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]  
  
plt.plot(x, y)  
plt.title("Simple Plot")  
plt.xlabel("x axis label")  
plt.ylabel("y axis label")  
plt.show()这些实例涵盖了 Python 编程的多个方面,从基础语法到高级库的使用,适合不同水平的 Python 学习者。
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