SpringBoot集成H2数据库

news2025/10/31 11:47:45

1）添加H2的依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
    <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    <scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>

2）添加连接配置，启用web控制台

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:h2:~/users
    driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
    username: root #随便定义
    password: 123456 #随便定义
  h2:
    console:
      path: /h2-console  #h2嵌入式数据库控制台
      enabled: true

3）初始化数据库的表结构

/**
 * 嵌入式数据库h2
 */
@Slf4j
@Configuration
//DataSource创建完后才初始化此类
@AutoConfigureAfter(DataSource.class)
public class H2DataSourceConfig {

    //初始化sql
    private static final String schema="classpath:db/schema-h2.sql";

    @Autowired
    DataSource dataSource;

    @Autowired
    ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @PostConstruct
    public  void init() throws Exception {
        //初始化本地数据库
        String userHome= System.getProperty("user.home");//获取系统用户目录
        File f = new File(userHome+File.separator+"h2.lck");
        if(!f.exists()){
            log.info("--------------初始化h2数据----------------------");
            f.createNewFile();
            Resource resource= applicationContext.getResource(schema);
            ScriptUtils.executeSqlScript(dataSource.getConnection(),resource);
        }else{
            log.info("--------------h2数据库已经存在----------------------");
        }
    }
}

sql语句：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tb_user;
CREATE TABLE tb_user
(
    id BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT 'id',
    name VARCHAR(30)  COMMENT '姓名',
    PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
insert into tb_user(id,name)values(1, 'zhangsan');
insert into tb_user(id,name)values(2, 'lisi');
insert into tb_user(id,name)values(3, 'wangwu');

4）测试-应用程序

@SpringBootApplication
public class H2Application implements ApplicationRunner {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(H2Application.class, args);
    }

    @Autowired
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Override
    public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
        jdbcTemplate.query("select * from tb_user", new RowCallbackHandler() {
            @Override
            public void processRow(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException {
                String id = resultSet.getString("id");
                String name = resultSet.getString("name");
                log.info("id:{}, name:{}", id, name);
            }
        });
    }
}