目录
一、实验
1.部署Ansible自动化运维工具
2.K8S 节点安装nginx
3.Jenkins使用GitLab共享库实现基于Ansible的CD流水线部署前后端应用
二、问题
1.ansible安装报错
2.ansible远程ping失败
3. Jenkins流水线通过ansible命令直接ping多台机器的网络状态报错
一、实验
1.部署Ansible自动化运维工具
(1)环境
表1 主机
| 管理端 | 192.168.204.8 | gitlab | 
| 被管理端 | 192.168.204.180 | K8S master1 | 
| 被管理端 | 192.168.204.181 | K8S node1 | 
| 被管理端 | 192.168.204.182 | K8S node2 | 
(2) 管理端安装ansible
#安装epel-release
yum install  -y epel-release 
#安装ansible
yum install -y  ansible
#hosts文件位置:/etc/ansible/hosts
vim /etc/ansible/hosts
# 主机hosts文件
vim /etc/hosts






(3)ansible远程ping
# ansible all -m ping
2.K8S 节点安装nginx
(1)K8S查看节点状态
# kubectl get node

(2) 节点安装nginx
1)添加 nginx 到 yum 源中
sudo rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
 
2)安装 nginx (在把nginx添加到 yum 源之后,就可以使用 yum 安装了)
sudo yum install -y nginx
 
3)稍等一会,即可安装完成
 
4)启动 nginx
sudo systemctl start nginx.service
 
5)设置 nginx 开机自启动
sudo systemctl enable nginx.service(3)nginx 配置信息
 
1)网站文件存放默认位置(Welcome to nginx 页面)
/usr/share/nginx/html
 
2)网站默认站点配置
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
 
3)自定义 nginx 站点配置文件存放目录
/etc/nginx/conf.d/
 
4)nginx 全局配置文件
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
 
5)启动 nginx
service nginx start
 
6)关闭 nginx
service nginx stop
 
7)重启 nginx
service nginx restart
service nginx reload
 
8) 加成nginx
nginx -t(4)修改nginx配置文件
# /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    tcp_nopush      on;
    tcp_nodelay     on;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    #gzip  on;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
server {
    listen 8099;
    server_name _;
    root /usr/share/nginx/html/devops03-devops-ui;
    # Load configuration files for the default server block.
    include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
    location / {
    }
    error_page 404 /404.html;
        location = /40x.html {
    }
    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
    }
 }
}
master1节点:

node1节点:


node2节点:


3.Jenkins使用GitLab共享库实现基于Ansible的CD流水线部署前后端应用
(1)修改GitLab共享库目录

(2) 修改部署类 Deploy.groovy
package org.devops
//SaltStack
def DeployBySalt(){
    targetHosts = "${env.saltHosts}"
    localDeployDir = "/srv/salt/${env.projectName}"
    sh """
        [ -d ${localDeployDir} ] || mkdir -p ${localDeployDir}
        mv ${env.pkgName} ${localDeployDir}
        
        # 清理发布目录
        salt -L "${targetHosts}" cmd.run  "rm -fr ${targetDir}/${env.projectName}/* &&  mkdir -p ${targetDir}/${env.projectName} || echo file is exists"
            
        # 发布应用
        salt -L "${targetHosts}" cp.get_file salt://${env.projectName}/${env.pkgName} ${targetDir}/${env.projectName}
                   
    """
    if ("${env.projectType}" == "npm") {
        sh """
        # 解压
        salt -L "${targetHosts}" cmd.run  "cd ${targetDir}/${env.projectName} ;tar zxf ${env.pkgName}"
        """
    }
    if ("${env.projectType}" == "maven") {
    // 文件内容写到本地
    gitlab = new Gitlab()
    response = gitlab.GetRepoFile(21, "service.sh", "master")
    writeFile file: 'service.sh', text: "${response}"
    sh "ls -a "
    sh """
        mv service.sh  ${localDeployDir}
        # 发布启动脚本
        salt -L "${targetHosts}" cp.get_file salt://${env.projectName}/service.sh ${targetDir}/${env.projectName}
                             
        # 启动服务
        salt -L "${targetHosts}" cmd.run  "cd ${targetDir}/${env.projectName} ;source /etc/profile  && sh service.sh ${env.projectName} ${env.releaseVersion} ${env.port} start"
    
        # 检查服务
        sleep 5
        salt -L "${targetHosts}" cmd.run  "cd ${targetDir}/${env.projectName} ;source /etc/profile  && sh service.sh ${env.projectName} ${env.releaseVersion} ${env.port} check"
                                
    """
    }
}
//ansible
def DeployByAnsible(){
    //将主机写入清单文件
    sh "rm -fr hosts"
    for (host in "${env.ansibleHosts}".split(',')){
        sh " echo ${host} >> hosts"
    }
    // sh " cat hosts"
    // ansible 发布
    sh """
        # 主机连通性检测
        ansible "${env.ansibleHosts}" -m ping -i hosts 
        # 清理和创建发布目录
        ansible "${env.ansibleHosts}" -m shell -a "rm -fr ${env.targetDir}/${env.projectName}/* &&  mkdir -p ${env.targetDir}/${env.projectName} || echo file is exists" 
            
        # 复制app
        ansible "${env.ansibleHosts}" -m copy -a "src=${env.pkgName}  dest=${env.targetDir}/${env.projectName}/${env.pkgName}" 
    """
    if ("${env.projectType}" == "npm"){
        sh """ ansible "${env.ansibleHosts}" -m shell -a "cd ${env.targetDir}/${env.projectName} ; tar zxf ${env.pkgName} " -u root """
    }
    if ("${env.projectType}" == "maven"){
        // 文件内容写到本地
        gitlab = new Gitlab()
        response = gitlab.GetRepoFile(21,"service.sh", "master")
        writeFile file: 'service.sh', text: "${response}"
        sh "ls -a "
        sh """
            # 复制脚本
            ansible "${env.ansibleHosts}" -m copy -a "src=service.sh  dest=${env.targetDir}/${env.projectName}/service.sh" 
            # 启动服务
            ansible "${env.ansibleHosts}" -m shell -a "cd ${env.targetDir}/${env.projectName} ;source /etc/profile  && sh service.sh ${env.projectName} ${env.releaseVersion} ${env.port} start" -u root
            # 检查服务 
            sleep 10
            ansible "${env.ansibleHosts}" -m shell -a "cd ${env.targetDir}/${env.projectName} ;source /etc/profile  && sh service.sh ${env.projectName} ${env.releaseVersion} ${env.port} check" -u root
        """
    }
}
(3) 修改流水线 cd.jenkinsfile
@Library("mylib@master") _
import org.devops.*
def artifacts = new Artifacts()
def gitlabutil = new Gitlab()
def deployer = new Deploy()
pipeline {
    agent { label "build" }
    
    options {
      skipDefaultCheckout true
    }
    stages{
        stage("PullArtifacts"){
            steps{
                script{
                    repoName = "${JOB_NAME}".split("/")[0]
                    env.projectName ="${JOB_NAME}".split("/")[-1].split("_")[0]
                    if ("${env.projectType}" == "maven"){
                        type="jar"
                    }
                    if ("${env.projectType}" == "npm"){
                        type="tar.gz"
                    }
                    artifacts.PullArtifacts("${env.releaseVersion}","${env.projectName}",repoName,type)
                    env.pkgName="${env.projectName}-${env.releaseVersion}.${type}"
                }
            }
        }
        stage("DeployHost"){
            steps{
                script{
                    print("DeployHost")
                    if ("${env.deployTool}" == "saltstack"){
                        deployer.DeployBySalt()               
                    }
                    if ("${env.deployTool}" == "ansible"){
                        deployer.DeployByAnsible()           
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
    }
}
(4) Jenkins修改前后端项目流水线参数
 
(5)手动构建前端流水线

(6)Blue Ocean查看
成功

(7)手动构建后端流水线

(8)Blue Ocean查看

二、问题
1.ansible安装报错
(1)报错

(2)原因分析
yum源
(3)解决方法
# vim /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 114.114.114.114

成功:

2.ansible远程ping失败
(1) 报错

(2)原因分析
从输出提示上基本可以了解到由于在本机的~/.ssh/known_hosts文件中并有fingerprint key串,ssh第一次连接的时候一般会提示输入yes 进行确认为将key字符串加入到 ~/.ssh/known_hosts 文件中
(3)解决方法
第一种:在本地先SSH登录一下对方设备,下次ansible 就可以正常操作了,但是比较麻烦
第二种:设置参数为不检查key
vim /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
 
host_key_checking = False           #71行取消注释

如继续操作出现如下报错,需要修改被管理端/etc/hosts
 注释被管理端域名
注释被管理端域名

如继续操作出现如下报错,修改 /etc/ansible/hosts
修改后
192.168.204.180 ansible_port=22 ansible_user=root ansible_password=123123
192.168.204.181 ansible_port=22 ansible_user=root ansible_password=123123
192.168.204.182 ansible_port=22 ansible_user=root ansible_password=123123
成功:

3. Jenkins流水线通过ansible命令直接ping多台机器的网络状态报错
(1) 报错

(2)原因分析
单向的ssh验证
(3)解决方法
ssh-keygen一路回车,主要是用来免密通信的
ssh-copy-id 被控端IP 需要输入对应主节的root密码
# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.204.180
# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.204.181
# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.204.182
成功:




















