Qt基础 QPieSeries饼状图

news2025/7/10 6:28:11

 

目录

1.简单例子

2. 稍微复杂点

QPieSeries Class：饼状图数据

QChart

管理图表系列、图例和轴的图形表示

QChartView

可以显示图表的独立小部件

QPieSeries

在饼图中显示数据

QPieSlice

表示饼图系列中的单个切片（其实就是标签）

1.简单例子

//![1]
    QPieSeries *series = new QPieSeries();
    series->append("Jane", 1);
    series->append("Joe", 2);
    series->append("Andy", 3);
    series->append("Barbara", 4);
    series->append("Axel", 5);
//![1]

//![2]
    QPieSlice *slice = series->slices().at(1);
    slice->setExploded();
    slice->setLabelVisible();
    slice->setPen(QPen(Qt::darkGreen, 2));
    slice->setBrush(Qt::green);
//![2]

//![3]
    QChart *chart = new QChart();
    chart->addSeries(series);
    chart->setTitle("Simple piechart example");
    chart->legend()->hide();
//![3]

//![4]
    QChartView *chartView = new QChartView(chart);
    chartView->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);
//![4]

2. 稍微复杂点

tip：这里面有两个地方没看懂（我标红），有看懂的的留言解释一下

drilldownchart.h/.cpp

//.h
/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2016 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the Qt Charts module of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:GPL$
** Commercial License Usage
** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in
** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the
** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in
** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms
** and conditions see https://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further
** information use the contact form at https://www.qt.io/contact-us.
**
** GNU General Public License Usage
** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU
** General Public License version 3 or (at your option) any later version
** approved by the KDE Free Qt Foundation. The licenses are as published by
** the Free Software Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL3
** included in the packaging of this file. Please review the following
** information to ensure the GNU General Public License requirements will
** be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html.
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/
#ifndef DRILLDOWNCHART_H
#define DRILLDOWNCHART_H

#include <QtCharts/QChart>

QT_CHARTS_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
class QAbstractSeries;
class QPieSlice;
QT_CHARTS_END_NAMESPACE

QT_CHARTS_USE_NAMESPACE

class DrilldownChart : public QChart
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit DrilldownChart(QGraphicsItem *parent = 0, Qt::WindowFlags wFlags = 0);
    ~DrilldownChart();
    void changeSeries(QAbstractSeries *series);

public Q_SLOTS:
    void handleSliceClicked(QPieSlice *slice);

private:
    QAbstractSeries *m_currentSeries;
};

#endif // DRILLDOWNCHART_H

// .cpp
/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2016 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the Qt Charts module of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:GPL$
** Commercial License Usage
** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in
** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the
** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in
** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms
** and conditions see https://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further
** information use the contact form at https://www.qt.io/contact-us.
**
** GNU General Public License Usage
** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU
** General Public License version 3 or (at your option) any later version
** approved by the KDE Free Qt Foundation. The licenses are as published by
** the Free Software Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL3
** included in the packaging of this file. Please review the following
** information to ensure the GNU General Public License requirements will
** be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html.
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/
#include "drilldownchart.h"
#include "drilldownslice.h"

QT_CHARTS_USE_NAMESPACE

DrilldownChart::DrilldownChart(QGraphicsItem *parent, Qt::WindowFlags wFlags)
    : QChart(QChart::ChartTypeCartesian, parent, wFlags),
      m_currentSeries(0)
{

}

DrilldownChart::~DrilldownChart()
{

}

void DrilldownChart::changeSeries(QAbstractSeries *series)
{
    // NOTE: if the series is owned by the chart it will be deleted
    // here the "window" owns the series...
    if (m_currentSeries)
        removeSeries(m_currentSeries);
    m_currentSeries = series;
    addSeries(series);
    setTitle(series->name());
}

void DrilldownChart::handleSliceClicked(QPieSlice *slice)
{
    DrilldownSlice *drilldownSlice = static_cast<DrilldownSlice *>(slice);
    changeSeries(drilldownSlice->drilldownSeries());
}

#include "moc_drilldownchart.cpp"

drilldownslice.h/cpp

/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2016 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the Qt Charts module of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:GPL$
** Commercial License Usage
** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in
** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the
** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in
** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms
** and conditions see https://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further
** information use the contact form at https://www.qt.io/contact-us.
**
** GNU General Public License Usage
** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU
** General Public License version 3 or (at your option) any later version
** approved by the KDE Free Qt Foundation. The licenses are as published by
** the Free Software Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL3
** included in the packaging of this file. Please review the following
** information to ensure the GNU General Public License requirements will
** be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html.
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/
#ifndef DRILLDOWNSLICE_H
#define DRILLDOWNSLICE_H

#include <QtCharts/QPieSlice>

QT_CHARTS_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
class QAbstractSeries;
QT_CHARTS_END_NAMESPACE

QT_CHARTS_USE_NAMESPACE

class DrilldownSlice : public QPieSlice
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    DrilldownSlice(qreal value, QString prefix, QAbstractSeries *drilldownSeries);
    virtual ~DrilldownSlice();
    QAbstractSeries *drilldownSeries() const;

public Q_SLOTS:
    void updateLabel();
    void showHighlight(bool show);

private:
    QAbstractSeries *m_drilldownSeries;
    QString m_prefix;
};

#endif // DRILLDOWNSLICE_H

/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2016 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the Qt Charts module of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:GPL$
** Commercial License Usage
** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in
** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the
** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in
** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms
** and conditions see https://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further
** information use the contact form at https://www.qt.io/contact-us.
**
** GNU General Public License Usage
** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU
** General Public License version 3 or (at your option) any later version
** approved by the KDE Free Qt Foundation. The licenses are as published by
** the Free Software Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL3
** included in the packaging of this file. Please review the following
** information to ensure the GNU General Public License requirements will
** be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html.
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/

#include "drilldownslice.h"

QT_CHARTS_USE_NAMESPACE

DrilldownSlice::DrilldownSlice(qreal value, QString prefix, QAbstractSeries *drilldownSeries)
    : m_drilldownSeries(drilldownSeries),
      m_prefix(prefix)
{
    setValue(value);
    updateLabel();
    setLabelFont(QFont("Arial", 8));
    connect(this, &DrilldownSlice::percentageChanged, this, &DrilldownSlice::updateLabel);
    connect(this, &DrilldownSlice::hovered, this, &DrilldownSlice::showHighlight);
}

DrilldownSlice::~DrilldownSlice()
{

}

QAbstractSeries *DrilldownSlice::drilldownSeries() const
{
    return m_drilldownSeries;
}

void DrilldownSlice::updateLabel()
{
    QString label = m_prefix;
    label += " $";
    label += QString::number(this->value());
    label += ", ";
    label += QString::number(this->percentage() * 100, 'f', 1);
    label += "%";
    setLabel(label);
}

void DrilldownSlice::showHighlight(bool show)
{
    setLabelVisible(show);
    setExploded(show);
}

#include "moc_drilldownslice.cpp"

main.cpp

/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2016 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the Qt Charts module of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:GPL$
** Commercial License Usage
** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in
** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the
** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in
** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms
** and conditions see https://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further
** information use the contact form at https://www.qt.io/contact-us.
**
** GNU General Public License Usage
** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU
** General Public License version 3 or (at your option) any later version
** approved by the KDE Free Qt Foundation. The licenses are as published by
** the Free Software Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.GPL3
** included in the packaging of this file. Please review the following
** information to ensure the GNU General Public License requirements will
** be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html.
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/

#include "drilldownchart.h"
#include "drilldownslice.h"
#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include <QtCore/QRandomGenerator>
#include <QtCharts/QChartView>
#include <QtCharts/QLegend>
#include <QtCharts/QPieSeries>

QT_CHARTS_USE_NAMESPACE

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);

    QMainWindow window;

    DrilldownChart *chart = new DrilldownChart();
    chart->setTheme(QChart::ChartThemeLight);
    chart->setAnimationOptions(QChart::AllAnimations);
    chart->legend()->setVisible(true);
    chart->legend()->setAlignment(Qt::AlignRight);

    QPieSeries *yearSeries = new QPieSeries(&window);
    yearSeries->setName("Sales by year - All");

    const QStringList months = {
        "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"
    };
    const QStringList names = {
        "Jane", "John", "Axel", "Mary", "Susan", "Bob"
    };

    for (const QString &name : names) {
        QPieSeries *series = new QPieSeries(&window);
        series->setName("Sales by month - " + name);

        //QRandomGenerator::global()->bounded(2)
        for (const QString &month : months)
            *series << new DrilldownSlice(QRandomGenerator::global()->bounded(1000), month, yearSeries);

        QObject::connect(series, &QPieSeries::clicked, chart, &DrilldownChart::handleSliceClicked);

        *yearSeries << new DrilldownSlice(series->sum(), name, series);
    }

    QObject::connect(yearSeries, &QPieSeries::clicked, chart, &DrilldownChart::handleSliceClicked);

    chart->changeSeries(yearSeries);

    QChartView *chartView = new QChartView(chart);
    chartView->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);
    window.setCentralWidget(chartView);
    window.resize(800, 500);
    window.show();

    return a.exec();
}

tip：上面代码QObject::connect按道理不应该这样写，是按照下面这样去弄，没看懂上面这样写是什么意思

    for (const QString &name : names) {
        QPieSeries *series = new QPieSeries(&window);
        series->setName("Sales by month - " + name);

        //QRandomGenerator::global()->bounded(2)
        for (const QString &month : months)
        {
            *series << new DrilldownSlice(QRandomGenerator::global()->bounded(1000), month, yearSeries);
            QObject::connect(series, &QPieSeries::clicked, chart, &DrilldownChart::handleSliceClicked);
        }
            
        *yearSeries << new DrilldownSlice(series->sum(), name, series);
        QObject::connect(yearSeries, &QPieSeries::clicked, chart, &DrilldownChart::handleSliceClicked);
    }

 

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