接口自动化测试持续集成，Soapui接口功能测试参数化

news2025/7/14 12:14:14

按照自动化测试分层实现的原理，每一层的脚本实现都要进行参数化，自动化的目标就是要实现脚本代码与测试数据分离。
当测试数据进行调整的时候不会对脚本的实现带来震荡，从而提高脚本的稳定性与灵活度，降低脚本的维护成本。
Soapui最为强大的参数化就是支持groovy脚本的参数化或者java代码，任何无法实现的地方都可以考虑脚本的扩展。

1.Soapui的常用参数化类型

2.Soapui参数化操作方式

菜单路径：Test Steps->Add Step（右键菜单）->Data Source

3.Txt 文件参数化

在脚本中参数化

新建txt文件

文件内容

数据之间要用逗号做分隔符，否则soapui没办法区分数据

选择数据源类型与文件

1.增加参数
2.选择数据类型
3.选择数据文件
4.数据的分隔符

image.png

4.Excel文件参数化

新建excel文件

编辑文件内容

选择数据源类型与文件

1.增加参数
2.选择数据类型
3.选择数据文件
4.起始单元格

5.Groovy脚本参数化

groovy是基于java语言的脚本语言，语法结构与java雷同，或者直接写java代码也是可以的

假设我们要通过接口创建客户

要求：姓名，手机号码，email不能重复

1.随机生成姓名的代码

public List<String> RandomUserName(int RandomUserName) {
    String[] FirstName = ["赵","钱", "孙", "李", "周", "吴", "郑", "王", "冯", "陈", "褚", "卫", "蒋", "沈", "韩", "杨", "朱", "秦", "尤", "许",
        "何", "吕", "施", "张", "孔", "曹", "严", "华", "金", "魏", "陶", "姜", "戚", "谢", "邹", "喻", "柏", "水", "窦", "章", "云", "苏", "潘", "葛", "奚", "范", "彭", "郎",
        "鲁", "韦", "昌", "马", "苗", "凤", "花", "方", "俞", "任", "袁", "柳", "酆", "鲍", "史", "唐", "费", "廉", "岑", "薛", "雷", "贺", "倪", "汤", "滕", "殷"];
    List<String> randomName = new ArrayList<>();
    for (int i = 1; i <= RandomUserName; i++) {
        Random randomFirstName = new Random();
        int index = randomFirstName.nextInt(FirstName.length - 1);
        String name = FirstName[index];
        if(randomFirstName.nextBoolean()){
            name += getChinese()+getChinese();
            randomName.add(name);
        }
        else{
            name += getChinese();
            randomName.add(name);
        }
    }
    return randomName;
}
public static String getChinese() {
    String str = null;
    int highPos, lowPos;
    Random randomChinese = new Random();
    highPos = (176 + Math.abs(randomChinese.nextInt(55)))
    randomChinese = new Random();
    lowPos = 161 + Math.abs(randomChinese.nextInt(94))

    byte[] bArr = new byte[2];
    bArr[0] = (new Integer(highPos)).byteValue();
    bArr[1] = (new Integer(lowPos)).byteValue();
    try {
        str = new String(bArr, "GB2312");
    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return str;
}

2.随机生成手机号的代码

public List<String> RandomTelNum(int RandomTel) {
    List<String> RandomTelNum = new ArrayList<>();
    for (int i = 0; i < RandomTel; i++) {
        String TelNumHead = "170";
        int min = 10000000;
        int max = 99999999;
        Random randomTelLast = new Random();
        int s = randomTelLast.nextInt(max) % (max - min + 1) + min;
        String telNum = TelNumHead + Integer.toString(s);
        RandomTelNum.add(telNum);
    }
    return RandomTelNum;
}

3.随机生成Email的代码

public List<String> RandomEmail(int RandomEmail) {
    List<String> randomEmail = new ArrayList<>();
    for (int i = 0; i < RandomEmail; i++) {
        String[]  randomName = "ab,bc,cd,de,ef,fg,gh,hi,ij,jk,kl,lm,mn,no,op,pq,qr,rs,st,tu,uv,vw,wx,xy,yz,za".split(",");
        Random randomletter = new Random();
        int index = randomletter.nextInt(26);
        String EmailName = randomName[index] +randomName[index/3]+ System.currentTimeMillis();
        EmailName += getemail_suffix();
        randomEmail.add(EmailName);
    }
    return randomEmail;
}
public static String getemail_suffix() {
    String[] email_suffix = "@gmail.com,@yahoo.com,@msn.com,@hotmail.com,@aol.com,@ask.com,@live.com,@qq.com,@0355.net,@163.com,@163.net,@263.net,@3721.net,@yeah.net,@googlemail.com,@126.com,@sina.com,@sohu.com,@yahoo.com.cn".split(",");
    String str;
    Random randomEmail_suffix = new Random();
    int index = randomEmail_suffix.nextInt(email_suffix.length - 1);
    str = email_suffix[index];
    return str;
}

运行的效果

代码产生的数据与变量关联

//随机生成姓名
println(RandomUserName(1)[0]);
//代码产生的数据与变量关联
result["name"]=RandomUserName(1)[0]
//随机生成邮箱
println(RandomEmail(1)[0]);
//代码产生的数据与变量关联
result["email"]=RandomEmail(1)[0]
//随机生成手机号码
println(RandomTelNum(1)[0]);
//代码产生的数据与变量关联
result["mobile"]=RandomTelNum(1)[0]